Vocab
a scientific term for living things
organisms
a scientist carries out a series of tests that are identical in every aspect except for one factor
controlled experiment
Are viruses living
Who created a system for naming organisms that we still use today. he placed organisms into groups based on observable features
Carl Linnaeus
a classification grouping that contains similar closely related organisms (the first word in an organisms scientific name)
genus
Organisms that produce their own food (ex: plants)
organisms that cannot produce their own food (ex: dogs)
autotrophs ; heterotrophs
the maintenance of a stable internal conditions
homestasis
a dog panting on a hot day to help cool itself down is an example of
homeostasis
What makes up a scientific name of an organism?
genus and species
useful tools that help determine the identity of organisms
taxonomic keys
_____________ are the building block of life
_____________ means many (of first blank word)
_____________ means one (of first blank word
cells ; multicellular ; unicellular
livings things come from other living things through __________
_________ involves one parents and makes identical offspring
_________involves 2 parents and makes different offspring
reproduction ; asexual reproduction ; sexual reproduction
a deer sensing your presence and running away at full speed is an example of
responding to surroundings (stimuli)
The process of grouping things based on their similarities
The scientific study of how organisms are classified; classifying and naming organisms
classification ; taxonomy
True/ False: Organisms are classified based on their differences.
True/False: The more classification levels two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common and the more closely related they are.
False ; True
________the process of becoming larger
________the process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism
growth ; development
_________is a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react
_________ is the organism's reaction to a stimulus; an action or a change in behavior
stimulus (stimuli) ; response
A tadpole turning into a frog is an example of _____
You see your grandma for the first time since the holidays. "You've gotten so big" she says. this is an example of ____
development ; growth
a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
species
What are the 4 basic needs of all living things
food, water, living space, stable internal conditions
the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials
metabolism
the mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources
spontaneous generation
A chicken lays 15 eggs. This is an example of
A runner eats a lot of pasta the night before an important track meet. this is an example of
reproduction ; use energy
a unique 2 part scientific name; the first word in an organisms name is its genus, the second word in an organisms name often describes a distinctive feature of an organism (ex: location, appearance, etc).
binomial nomenclature
how are scientific names written?
in Latin, italicized, first letter of first word capitalized
helped to disprove spontaneous generation; performed an experiment using using flasks with curved necks, boiled broth, and bacteria.
Pasteur
helped to disprove spontaneous generation; performed an experiment to show that maggots do not arise from decaying meat
Reddi
what are the 6 characteristics of life?
cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grow and develop, and reproduce
What are the 8 levels of classification from smallest (least specific) to largest (most broad)
species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain
2 part name for organisms, usually in Latin because that was the language during Linnaeus's time; written in italics with only the first letter of the first word capitalized
scientific name