the 3 main ideas presented by Darwin and Wallace on Evolution
What is species changing over time, organisms arising from a single common ancestor, and natural selection creates change?
100
description of a perfect flower and an imperfect flower
What is each flower containing both male and female parts (perfect) and a given flower has either male of female parts but not both (imperfect-corn)
100
4 causes of extinction
What is habitat loss, climate change, over-exploitation, invasive species?
100
characteristic of Phylum Arthropoda made of chitin and its advantages
What is the exoskeleton; protection, reduces water loss, can be modified into appendages
100
process of water moving through the xylem cells because as water evaporates from leaves, evaporating water molecules pull up a chain of water molecules (water molecules stick together)
What is evapotranspiration?
200
4 points of natural selection
What is variation exists in populations, some variation is heritable, competition due to more young being born than can survive, and unequal survival and reproduction
200
functions of the xylem and the phloem in vascular plants
What is carries water and minerals from the soil; carries sugar made during photosynthesis (porous)
200
important mutualism between a fungus and the roots of a plant that makes the plant better able to absorb water and minerals from the soil
What is mycorrhizae?
200
functions of courtship in Phylum Arthropoda
What is allowing females to assess quality of males, triggers development of eggs, reduces likely hood of breeding with wrong species
200
bacteria that can live either with or without oxygen
What is facultative anaerobic?
300
the 2 mechanisms of evolutionary change other than natural selection: not all individuals in a population breed; formation of a new population
What is genetic drift and founders effect?
300
most important group of plants described as having an embryonic plant surrounded by a food source and encased in a membrane
What are the seed plants; a seed
300
process of the green house effect
What is sunlight passing through the atmosphere, warming the earth, and storing some of the heat in the atmosphere as it rises?
300
process of metamorphosis (incomplete vs. complete)
What is the noticeable change in appearance during the lifetime of an organism, incomplete=from egg to nymph, to adult
complete= egg, larva, pupa, adult
300
two populations of species living in separate geographic areas
What is allopatric speciation?
400
4 categories within autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition
What is photoautotrophic, chemoautotrophic, chemoheterotropic, and photoheterotrophic?
400
name of the 3 areas of conifers in North America
What are the Boreal forests, montane coniferous forests, and south eastern pine forests?
400
difference between protostomes and deuterostomes
What is 1st hole formed in blastula becomes mouth in protosomes and 2nd hole becomes the mouth in deuterostomes?
400
process of poikilothermic and ectothermic
What is body temperature varying throughout the day and year/can NOT generate own body heat (temp. same as air or water)
400
meaning ancient, similar to ancestor of whole group being studied
What is primitive?
500
describe the nitrogen cycle
What is nitrogen in the air (main component), nitrogen fixing soil-bacteria produce ammonia, other bacteria transform to nitrates, leading to plants (picked up by animals) or back into the atmophere
500
3 phyla of multicellular protistans
What is Phylum Rhodophyta (red), Phylum Chlorophyta (green), Phylum Phaeophyta (brown)?
500
process of external and internal fertilization in Phylum Cnidaria
What is both sperm and egg released into water for external fertilization/ internal fertilization is when sperm is released into water and female pulls in sperm with water
500
description of 3 developmental processes of young
What is oviparous (lay eggs outside body), viviparous (young stored inside mom with direct nourishment), and ovoviviparous (store eggs inside but no direct nourishment)
500
body temp does not vary throughout day or year (opposite of poikilothermic)