Findings
Overstuffed baskets, high shelves, inefficient physical arrangement
What is limited access ?
Some children’s books act like___and reflect children’s worlds and experiences back to them.
What are mirrors ?
Strong, independent girls and women are “manlike”, Book-loving or nonathletic boys and men are “effeminate”, African American women are to independent, oversexed, or “welfare moms”
What are common hurtful/undermining stereotypes?
In the past, most children’s books were by authors and illustrators who were white and members of the middle class. Their books dominated children's literature
What is the result of a single cultural and class perspective ?
Although students in all three classrooms had family members who were incarcerated, ____% of the books told a story that reflected these experiences
What is less than 1% of books in the classrooms ?
Lack of diversity on the shelves, unless purchased by teachers
What are Findings 1 & 2 ?
Others act as_____ allowing readers to see into other people’s lived experiences
What are windows ?
An oversimplified generalization about a particular identity group (e.g., gender, race, ethnicity, class, sexual orientation, ability/disability)
What is a stereotype ?
Even if a book shows visual diversity, the story line may carry_____related to how it handles power relationships among people of various identities.
What are biases ?
Despite the fact that people of color comprise 37% of the population in the United States, only this percent of children’s books published in the past 24 years contained a multicultural context
What is 13 % of books ?
These books were most notably titles that addressed historically significant moments and figures.
What are books with diverse representation that had been purchased by the school ?
Other times, there are_____ doors, which invite readers to step through and inhabit characters’ lives and experiences
What are sliding glass doors ?
What children do not see in their books teaches them about who matters and who doesn’t. It undermines children’s affirmative sense of themselves and reinforces prejudice about people who are not seen
What is invisibility ?
Are negative value judgments implied about ways of life that differ from the dominant culture or economic class (e.g., people are to be pitied, or the story is about one person who “gets out” of the less desirable way of life)?
What are messages about different lifestyles ?
How do our classroom libraries reflect the ____, ____, and ____ of our students and their lived experiences?
What is racial, cultural, and linguistic diversity ?
Noted protagonists with disabilities, the gender identity of the protagonists, and family structures and languages other than English.
What are other identity markers in books along with racial identity ?
The significant contribution of high-quality____ is an integral part of a literacy curriculum innovation that increased achievement
What are culturally responsive texts ?
A word when it in any way demeans or makes people invisible because of any of their identities.
What is a loaded word ?
The story line should be about children and adults working together, rather than perpetrating the myth that change happens because of special, individual people who do it by themselves
What are books about children and adults engaging in actions for change ?
Crisp et al. (2016) examined the diversity of children’s literature in 21 preschool classroom libraries in Atlanta, Georgia. The research team found that out only 30 books expressly provided representations of ___ groups
What are marginalized groups ?
The Black boys mostly read the same picture books week after week. The few chapter books featuring Black male protagonists were largely about sports and were too difficult
What is lack of Black boy representation ?
The _____ young children absorb from books heavily influence their ideas about themselves and others
What are visual and verbal messages ?
Regularly seeing only “one” person of any group in a book teaches young children about who is more or less important
What is tokenism ?
Do your books reinforce or counteract messages that teach children to feel inferior or superior because of their skin color, gender, family income, able bodiedness, or type of family structure?
What are effects on children's self and social identities ?
Students’ reading comprehension increased when reading____ relevant materials
What is culturally relevant ?