Symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus
What is Diabetes Insipidus?
disorder of the posterior pituitary gland
Symptoms of DKA, name 3
hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphasic, kussmaul respirations, ketones present in blood and urine, confusion, coma, acetone breath
What is the onset of rapid-acting insulin (Humalog)?
15 min
Hypoglycemia is defined as a blood sugar of _____mg/dL or less
70
What is the cause of Cushing's disease and syndrome?
both are caused by over secretion of ACTH
too much cortisol
What are 3 symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus?
polyuria, polydipsia, nocturne, weight loss, dry skin, fatigue, hypotension, tachycardia
After checking K+, what type of insulin will be administered?
Regular-->Drip
What is the duration of long-acting insulin? (Levemir, Lantus)
24 + hour
Give 3 symptoms of hypoglycemia
hunger, HA, nervousness, irritability, diaphoresis, anxiety, palpitations, neurological changes, seizures, unconsciousness, death
Name one cause of Cushing's Syndrome
long term use of glucocorticoids for autoimmune disorders
asthma
chemotherapy
organ transplant
What are possible complications from Diabetes Insipidus?
dyhydration, hypovolemia, hypernatremia, CNS dysfunction, confusion, neuromuscular excitability, seizure, come
How often should patient blood sugar be checked when admitted for DKA?
hourly
What is a complication of insulin?
hypoglycemia
end-organ disease due to microvascular damage
retinopathy
nephropathy
peripheral neuropathy
Macrovascular angiopathy
HTN, cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease
Name 3 physical findings for a patient with Cushing's
Ruddy cheeks, hirsutism, acne, HTN, moon face, buffalo hump, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, thinning of scalp hair, thin friable skin
Lab Values? Blood will be _____ and urine will be ______
concentrated, diluted
Excessive ketones leads to what in DKA?
Metabolic acidosis
Name 4 insulin injection sites?
outer arm, abdomen, hip area, thigh
Hyperglycemia is defined as a blood sugar more than ____mg/dL in a fasting state or _____mg/dL when not fasting.
100, 140
What nursing care should be completed daily for a patient with a dx of Cushing's?
I&O, daily weight
What antidiuretic hormone would be used for Diabetes Insipidus?
Vasopressin, Desmopressin
What is the most common cause of DKA?
Infection
What is the action of insulin? Name One
promotes cellular uptake of glucose
opens the door for glucose to enter cell
converts glucose into glycogen and promotes energy storage
moves potassium into cells
Explain the 15-15 Rule
consume 15 grams of fast-acting carbs
wait 15 min, recheck blood sugar
if below 70mg/dL, consume another 15 grams of fast-acting carbs
once your blood glucose is above 70mg/dL provide a protein and carbohydrate snack
What lab finding is decreased and should be monitored daily due to increased risk of infection?
WBC with differential