Nature of Science
Amari’s dad was moving cars out of his family’s driveway. The driveway was located in strong sunlight. Amari observed that the family’s white car was cooler inside than the family’s black car. He wants to do an experiment to see whether color makes a difference in the amount of radiant energy a metal surface absorbs. What should he do next?
A. analyze evidence
B. plan an experiment
C. draw a conclusion
D. communicate results
B. plan an experiment
Kevin wants to measure the volume of a ring he bought for his mom's birthday present. Which tool would be the best to use to find the volume of the box?
A. Graduated Cylinder
B. Ruler
C. Thermometer
D. Triple Beam Balance
A. Graduated Cylinder
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
A.Making ice cubes in a tray
B.Water evaporating out of a bird bath
C.Leaves falling off the tree and decaying
D.Condensation on the outside of your Sprite
C.Leaves falling off the tree and decaying
Which of the following statements would describe the way light behaves when it encounters a dark colored wall?
A.Light will bend as it travels through the material.
B.Light will bounce off and travel in another direction.
C.Light will travel towards the wall and then stop traveling.
D.Light will bounce off the wall and then travel directly up.
C.Light will travel towards the wall and then stop traveling.
Mohs’ scale identifies the hardness of minerals. It lists diamond as the hardest mineral. What does this mean?
A. Diamonds can scratch any other mineral.
B. Diamonds weigh more for a given size than any other mineral.
C. Diamond is the only mineral that does not leave a streak on a tile plate.
D. Diamond is the only mineral that will not break when hit with a hammer.
A. Diamonds can scratch any other mineral.
Lauri is comparing the forces needed to pull a toy car up a ramp at different heights. She uses a stack of books to change the height of the ramp and then she measures the force with a spring scale. What is the BEST reason for several other students to repeat the experiment?
A. to change the results
B. to make a new prediction
C. to get enough data for a graph
D. to check that the results are correct
D. to check that the results are correct
Giana’s science teacher blew up a balloon and then popped it during class. Which statement describes what happens when the balloon popped?
A.The air stays in the shape of the balloon.
B.The volume of the air increases.
C.The air remains compressed in the balloon.
D.The volume of the air decreases.
B.The volume of the air increases.
Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
A.Baking a cake in the oven
B.The wick of a candle burning
C.Strawberries rotting and starting to grow mold
D.Ice cream melting in a bowl
D.Ice cream melting in a bowl
Candice is rearranging the furniture in her room. She has two different dressers that are the same size. When she pushes on each dresser, she finds that it is harder to move Dresser A than it is to move Dresser B. Why does Candice have to push with more force on Dresser A than on Dresser B?
A. Dresser A weighs less than Dresser B.
B. Dresser A is larger in size than Dresser B.
C. Dresser A has more mass than Dresser B.
D. Dresser A has less volume than Dresser B.
C. Dresser A has more mass than Dresser B.
Brad is reading about space. What is he reading about that consists of gas, dust, and many stars?
A.the Sun
B. our solar system
C. a galaxy
D. a comet
C. a galaxy
Ms. Powell is comparing the heights of plants grown in different kinds of soils. She records her thoughts, ideas, observations, and conclusions. Which of the following is a scientific observation that can be tested by repeating the experiment?
A. Different plants always grow to different heights.
B. The plants grown in the soil with clay were shorter.
C. The plants grown in the sandy soil needed more water to grow.
D. Different soils affect plants less than different amounts of water do.
B. The plants grown in the soil with clay were shorter.
Two students are comparing two samples of matter. Which property provides the best evidence that both samples are solids?
A. Color
B. Mass
C. Shape
D. Volume
C. Shape
Which conclusion is true about the relationship between temperature and changes in matter?
A. Heat does not affect physical or chemical changes.
B. Heat only affects physical changes, but not chemical changes.
C. The hotter the temperature, the slower a physical or chemical change occurs.
D. The hotter the temperature, the faster a physical or chemical change occurs.
D. The hotter the temperature, the faster a physical or chemical change occurs.
Ms. Harrison’s class is learning about the forms of energy. One of the forms they discussed is chemical energy. Which of the following is NOT an example of chemical energy?
A.Toy car that runs on batteries
B.A student feeling energetic after eating an apple
C.Pushing the gas pedal when driving a car
D.Plugging in the toaster to make a bagel
D.Plugging in the toaster to make a bagel
Many natural resources are used to transform energy into electricity. Water, wind, and solar energy are renewable resources that people use to make electricity. Oil and coal are non-renewable resources that people use to make electricity. Which of the lists below names natural resources that are found in Florida?
A.Water, wind, oil, coal
B.Water, wind, solar, oil
C.Water, solar, coal
D.Water, solar, oil, coal
B.Water, wind, solar, oil
Rosa conducts an experiment. Her results do not support her hypothesis. What should she do?
A. Repeat the experiment to check for errors.
B. Change the results to support the hypothesis.
C. Discard the data because it does not agree with her hypothesis.
D. Try to make an experiment that will give her the results she wants.
A. Repeat the experiment to check for errors.
Carla and Mike are using a filter to try to separate mixtures into their original parts. Which mixture can be most easily separated using this method?
A. dry salt and dry sugar
B. dry sand and dry salt
C. water and salt
D. water and sand
D. water and sand
Brett’s grandma always tells him to put a paper towel under his cup so the water on the outside of the cup doesn’t leave a mark on the table. Which process causes water droplets to form on the outside of the cup?
A.Evaporation
B.Condensation
C.Boiling
D.Melting
B.Condensation
Which of the following explains why a parachute makes a person falling from a great height fall more slowly?
A. The parachute reduces the friction in the air.
B. The parachute pulls upward, so the fall is slower.
C. The parachute causes air resistance, which slows the fall.
D. The parachute decreases the pull of gravity on the person wearing it.
C. The parachute causes air resistance, which slows the fall.
We can classify rocks by how they were formed. Which characteristic would be used to describe metamorphic rocks?
A. Contain animal shells and fossils
B. Can be found near volcanoes
C. Wavy layers from heat and pressure
D. Always have light-colored surfaces
C. Wavy layers from heat and pressure
A testable question is one that can be answered by investigating and collecting data. Which of the following is a question that could be used for a scientific investigation?
A. How do you measure the mass of an object?
B. Should I measure the temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit?
C. How far can you kick the rubber ball?
D. How does the amount of fertilizer affect plant growth?
D. How does the amount of fertilizer affect plant growth?
Four students dissolved 30 g of sodium chloride in a 100 mL solution of water. Each student heated his or her water solution to a different temperature. What conclusion can you make based on this information?
A. Increasing the temperature decreases the dissolving time.
B. Decreasing the temperature decreases the dissolving time.
C. Decreasing the amount of sodium chloride makes the water hotter.
D. Increasing the amount of sodium decreases the dissolving time.
A. Increasing the temperature decreases the dissolving time.
Micah placed a beaker of water on a hot plate. When bubbles started forming in the water, he recorded the time. He watched the beaker for 5 minutes. What happened during the 5 min that Micah was observing the beaker of water?
A. Water was changed into energy during a chemical change.
B. Water was changed into a different state during a physical change.
C.Water was changed into a different material during a physical change.
D.Water was changed into a different state during a chemical change.
B. Water was changed into a different state during a physical change.
Sophia brushes her hair each morning. She notices that in the winter, her hair is attracted to the hairbrush and will follow the hairbrush around after she is done. What causes this?
A. The hairbrush has a positive charge and her hair has a negative charge.
B. The hairbrush has a positive charge and her hair has a positive charge.
C. The hairbrush has no charge and her hair has no charge.
D. Her hair is stuck in the hairbrush.
A. The hairbrush has a positive charge and her hair has a negative charge.
Keisha wants to show Amy what happens during one Earth day. Keisha holds a small globe representing Earth, and Amy holds a large ball representing the Sun. What should Keisha do to show Amy what happens during one Earth day?
A. Keisha should move the globe in one complete circle around Amy.
B. Keisha should move the globe toward Amy and then away from her.
C. Keisha should slowly lift the globe above her head and then lower it.
D. Keisha should slowly spin the globe one complete time on its axis.
D. Keisha should slowly spin the globe one complete time on its axis.