Structure
What are the 4 bases in the middle of the strand?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
What does Helicase do?
Breaks H bonds
DNA is transcribed into
mRNA
During translation _________________ are made.
Proteins
Where is DNA in the cell?
What makes up the backbone of DNA?
Sugar, phosphate
DNA Polymerase makes sure the correct ___________ match up with the strands.
Free Nucleotides
What are the 3 ways mRNA is different than DNA?
Single stranded, Uracil, Ribose Sugar
What is the kind of bond that bonds amino acids together?
peptide bond
What organelle makes proteins?
Ribosomes
How many bonds bond G and C together?
3
Why does DNA need to replicate?
So that when the cell divides during mitosis the two cells are identical.
Transcribe this DNA sequence.
T A C G G C C A T T A A A A T
A U G C C G G U A A U U U U A
Translate into a protein:
T A C G G C C A T T A A A A T T A A
Start-Methionine, Proline, Valine, Isoleucine, Leucine, STOP
DNA Replication is said to be ____________________ because there is always half of the original strand in the daughter strands.
Semi-Conservative
What kind of bonds bond sugar and phosphate?
Covalent
Why does the lagging strand have to wait for Helicase to build?
The stands are antiparallel and DNA is only built a certain way.
Why does mRNA need to be made?
DNA is too big to fit through the nuclear pores.
After a tRNA molecule enters the ribosome, what happens next?
The anticodon matches with codon and the Amino Acid pops out, a new tRNA molecule enters, the old tRNA molecule leaves.
How do some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells?
Different genes are expressed and cells are differentiated to do different jobs.
What are the pyrimidines?
Cytosine, Thymine
What are the parts that are built in the lagging strand called?
Okazaki Fragments
What makes sure that mRNA is transcribed correctly?
RNA Polymerase
What happens to the amino acid chain after it is built?
It is released from the tRNA and continues to fold into the correct protein shape.
Who received credit for finding the double helix?
Who should have received credit?
Watson and Crick
Franklin