Structure
This is the bond between the nitrogenous bases on complementary DNA strands
What is hydrogen bonds
I add nucleotides in the 3' direction
DNA polymerase
The end of DNA that you can add a new nucleotide to
What is the 3' end?
The genome of a virus is 22% guanine, 16% Cytosine, 34% adenine, and 28% Uracil. The genome of the virus is most likely made of what:
a.)Single stranded DNA
b.) double stranded DNA
c.) single stranded RNA
d.) double stranded RNA
What is C
The three units of a nucleotide
What is a five carbon sugar, a phosphate, and nitrogenous base?
This enzyme unwinds the DNA
What is Helicase?
One strand is 5' to 3', the other is 3' to 5'. Give a term to describe that relationship
What is anti-parallel?
The enzyme _______ unwinds the double helix of DNA, and the enzyme ________ relieves the supercoiling created by the unwinding.
a.)helicase; topoisomerase
b.)DNA polymerase; topoisomerase
c.) DNA polymerase; ligase
d.)Helicase; ligase
What is A?
The bond between the phosphate and the sugar
What is a phosphodiester bond
This enzyme links Okazaki Fragments
What is Ligase?
DNA replication occurs in this phase in interphase
S phase
A biologist systematically removes each protein involved in DNA replication to determine the effect of each on the overall process. In one experiment, after separating the strands of DNA, she sees many short DNA/RNA fragments as well as some long DNA pieces, Which of the following is most likely missing?
a.) Helicase
b.) DNA polymerase
c.) DNA ligase
d.) RNA primase
What is C?
List the purines and pyrimidines. Name the difference between the two types
Purine- adenine, guanine
Pyrimidine- cytosine, thymine (uracil)
Purines have two rings and pyrimidines have one
DNA polymerase can't start off replication, but this enzyme can. It does this by adding a ______
RNA primase and an RNA primer
Name the two strands of DNA during replication
What is the leading and lagging strands?
Which of the following represents the correct order from beginning with the earliest activity of enzymes involved in DNA replication:
a.) helicase, ligase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase
b.)DNA polymerase, RNA primase, ligase, helicase
c.) RNA primase, DNA polymerase, helicase, ligase
d.) Helicase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase, Ligase
What is D?
The location and shape of a prokaryotic and Eukaryotic chromosome
To unwind DNA, other parts of DNA get wound up more, but this enzyme relieves this tension by breaking the sugar-phosphate back bone then resealing it
What topoisomerase?
Name the model of DNA Replication. What does this mean? Then state how many strands will remain from an original segment of DNA after being replicated 8 times?
Semiconservative model. Each newly composed double helix contains one strand from the parent DNA molecule and one newly synthesized strand. There would be two (even if you replicated it 1000x)
A geneticist has discovered a yeast cell, which encodes a DNA polymerase that may add nucleotides in both the 5' to 3' direction as well as the 3' to 5' direction. Which of the following structures would this cell NOT likely generate during DNA replication?
a.) RNA primers
b.)Okazaki fragments
c.)replication fork
d.) Nicked DNA by topoisomerase
What is B?