DNA Structure
Sugar, phosphate, and base make up this unit of DNA.
Nucleotide
These two pieces make up the DNA backbone.
Sugar and Phosphate
True or False: each gene only codes for one specific protein.
True
In RNA what letter does A (adenine) pair with?
U (Uracil)
When trascribing a strand of DNA to RNA, what nitrogenous base will not be present in the final RNA strand?
Thymine
In DNA (A) adenine always bonds with
(T) thymine
The middle of a DNA strand has 4 different molecules called this.
(Nitrogenous) bases
True or False - each chromosome only has 1 gene on it.
False
How many backbone strands are in an RNA macromolecule?
1 (single stranded)
what do the m's and t's strand for in mRNA and tRNA?
Messenger and Transfer
(C) cytosine always bonds with
(G) guanine
The scientific name for DNA.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
True or false - the order of nitrogenous bases are the same for every single person.
False- everyone has a unique order of nitrogenous bases- thats what makes us all different.
what are the three types of RNA?
mRNA (messenger) tRNA (transfer) and rRNA (ribosomal)
What type of bond between bases is broken apart by RNA Polymerase to separate two strands of DNA?
Hydrogen bond
The part of the DNA that makes one nucleotide different from another.
bases
The location that DNA is stored in eukaryotes.
the nucleus
There are _______ chromosomes in the human body.
46
What is the name of the sugar found in an RNA nucleotide?
Ribose
How many bases are in each codon?
3
A term that describes the length of DNA that codes for specific protein.
a gene
A Double Helix
What is the central dogma of gene expression?
Information flows from DNA to RNA to Proteins
Transcribe this strand to RNA:
GGC ATA CAA
CCG UAU GUU
What is an anticodon?
Three bases located on transfer RNA that match their mRNA complements and code for a particular amino acid.