DNA
DNA is commonly referred to as the building block of what?
Life
What are the four nitrogenous base letters?
A, T, C, G
DNA and RNA are both what type of acids?
Nucleic acids
Where is the site of DNA replication?
The nucleus (and the mitochondria)
Which scientists discovered the shape of DNA? Name at least 3
Watson, Crick, and Franklin (and Wilkins)
What is the full name for DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is a polymer composed of a long string of what?
Nucleotides
What is the sugar that gives RNA its name?
Ribose
What is the purpose of DNA replication?
To produce two identical strands of DNA
Which scientist is famous for photographing the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
What do we call the threadlike structure that contains DNA?
Chromosomes
What is the shape of DNA?
Double Helix
How is RNA's structure different from that of DNA?
It's a single strand
Name the enzyme that opens DNA for replication.
Helicase
Which scientists first modeled the structure of DNA?
Watson and Crick
What do we call a specific segment of DNA that codes for a trait?
A gene
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
Which nitrogenous base is found in DNA but not in RNA?
Thymine
In DNA replication, what would be the correct pairing with TTGCAA?
AACGTT
What machine was used to capture the first images of DNA?
X-ray machine
What is the number of chromosomes in a human?
46 chromosomes (or 23 pairs)
The nitrogenous base guanine always bonds with which base?
Cytosine
Name the four nitrogenous bases in RNA.
Adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine
What is it called when an error occurs during replication?
A mutation
Miescher first isolated nucleic acids by removing what two types of molecules?
Lipids and proteins