DNA Discovery
In biology class, what are the expectations for active listening?
Eyes up and tracking, voices off, and follow directions the first time they are given.
What can you do if you finish work early in biology class?
Work on unfinished/missing assignments.
Read your textbook on McGraw Hill.
Review vocabulary words/notes.
Start working on homework (if applicable).
What is the appropriate volume level when you are completing your warm up or listening to directions?
silent (no talking)
This enzyme unwinds the DNA helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between bases.
These two scientists showed that DNA, not protein, was the genetic material in viruses using radioactive labeling.
Hersey and Chase
The shape of DNA is described as this kind of twisted shape.
double helix
According to base pairing rules, A always pairs with this base.
T (Thymine)
Because each new DNA molecule has one parental strand and one new strand, replication is described as this.
semiconservative
This scientist concluded that DNA released from dead S cells transformed R cells.
The “steps” of the ladder are formed by these paired structures.
Nitrogenous bases (will take purines and pyrimidines)
Write the complementary strand for: A C C C G G T A A T G C
T G G G C C A T T A C G
On the lagging strand, DNA is built in short, discontinuous segments called these.
Okazaki fragments
This scientist’s rule states that C = G and T = A.
Chargaff's rule
These two alternating molecules form the “rails” of the DNA ladder.
deoxyribose and phosphate
A DNA strand labeled 5’ → 3’ pairs with a complementary strand running this direction.
3’ → 5’?
This enzyme adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing DNA strand during replication.
Chargaff discovered that the amount of this base always equals thymine.
adenine
Cytosine pairs with this base using three hydrogen bonds.
Guanine
If a DNA strand contains 27% thymine, it contains this percent cytosine.
23%
During the joining phase, this enzyme seals the gaps between fragments, creating a continuous DNA strand.
Ligase