Twisted Sister
What shape it DNA?
double helix
T or F
Both strands of the DNA molecule act as templates for DNA replication
True
Both strands are templates for replication
T or F
It is likely for a base pair substitution of the 3rd base in a codon to result in change in the amino acid sequence of a protein because the genetic code is degenerate.
False
correct: It is UNlikely for a base pair substitution of the 3rd base in a codon to result in change in the amino acid sequence of a protein because the genetic code is degenerate.
What nitrogenous bases are in RNA?
What nitrogenous bases are in RNA?
ANS: uracil, adenine, cytosine, guanine
What bonds link nitrogenous base pair together?
What bonds link nitrogenous base pair together?
ANS: hydrogen bonds
What conclusion about the process of DNA replication did Meselson and Stahl come to following their experiments?
What conclusion about the process of DNA replication did Meselson and Stahl come to following their experiments?
ANS: semi-conservative replication (one old-one new strand on each copy of the DNA)
What molecule is the blueprint of the information found in DNA that can be used to assemble proteins?
What molecule is the blueprint of the information found in DNA that can be used to assemble proteins?
mRNA
What process makes amino acid chains (polypeptides) from a mRNA template?
What process makes amino acid chains (polypeptides) from a mRNA template?
ANS: transcription
Draw and label the following on a DNA molecule:
deoxyribose, phosphate, nucleotide, nitrogen base
Draw and label the following on a DNA molecule:
deoxyribose, phosphate, nucleotide, nitrogen base
see work
If there is 10% G in a DNA strand, how much A will be present?
If there is 10% G in a DNA strand, how much A will be present?
ANS: 40%
What are the short segments of DNA that are produced on the lagging strand called?
What are the short segments of DNA that are produced on the lagging strand called?
ANS: Okazaki fragments
In eukaryotes, where does transcription occur? translation?
In eukaryotes, where does transcription occur? translation?
ANS: the nucleus; ribosomes
If the DNA nucleotide sequence is: ATG. What tRNA anticodon will bring the proper amino acid to the ribosome?
If the DNA nucleotide sequence is: ATG. What tRNA anticodon will bring the proper amino acid to the ribosome?
ANS: AUG
What enzyme untwists double stranded DNA in preparation for DNA replication?
What enzyme untwists double stranded DNA in preparation for DNA replication?
ANS: gyrase/topoisomerase
What conclusion can be drawn since the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine in a DNA strand?
What conclusion can be drawn since the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine in a DNA strand?
ANS: adenine and thymine pair together in DNA
In what direction does DNA replication occur?
In what direction does DNA replication occur?
ANS: 5' to 3'
__________ are transcribed, but then cut out of pre-mRNA.
__________ are transcribed, but then cut out of pre-mRNA.
ANS: introns
How many codons would be needed to create a strand of 5 amino acids?
How many codons would be needed to create a strand of 5 amino acids?
ANS: 5 codons (or 6 if you include a stop codon)
What enzyme is responsible for adding complementary DNA bases during DNA replication? What about complementary mRNA bases in protein synthesis?
What enzyme is responsible for adding complementary DNA bases during DNA replication? What about complementary mRNA bases in protein synthesis?
DNA polymerase III, RNA polymerase
What does it mean to say DNA is anti-parallel?
What does it mean to say DNA is anti-parallel?
ANS: the two strands run in opposite directions (one goes 5' to 3' and the other runs 3' to 5')
What enzyme is responsible for linking together the short segments of DNA that are produced by the lagging strand during DNA replication?
What enzyme is responsible for linking together the short segments of DNA that are produced by the lagging strand during DNA replication?
ANS: ligase
What is the 1st part of protein synthesis called? What three things happen to the mRNA produced during this process before it can leave the nucleus?
What is the 1st part of protein synthesis called? What three things happen to the mRNA produced during this process before it can leave the nucleus?
ANS: transcription; 5' cap, poly A tail and introns, exons spliced together
True or False
Each codon codes for it's own unique amino acid.
True or False
Each codon codes for it's own unique amino acid.
ANS: false; some codons code for the same amino acid --> the code is degenerate
On the lagging strand, primase begins the process of replication by ______.
On the lagging strand, primase begins the process of replication by ______.
ANS: adding an RNA primer complementary to the DNA template