DNA
The sugar that is part of DNA
Deoxyribose
What is a monomer of RNA called?
What is a nucleotide? (They are also the monomer for DNA)
Replicate this DNA of strand below
A T C C G
Replicate means to make a complimentary strand of DNA:
T A G G C
Who calculated the structure of DNA and named it a "double helix"?
James Watson and Francis Crick
Where does translation take place?
In the ribosome
Translation means to use RNA to make Proteins. Proteins are only made in the ribosome
The 4 nitrogen bases of DNA
A=Adenine, T=Thymine, G=Guanine, and C=Cytosine
What sugar is unique to RNA?
What is Ribose?
Transcribe this DNA Strand:
T C G A A
Transcribe means to turn DNA into RNA:
A G C U U
Who was the first to support that genetic material is DNA, but no one believed him?
Oswald Avery
Which molecule used in transcription requires this process to take place in the nucleus?
DNA is the molecule that requires transcription to take place in the nucleus.
Transcription means use DNA to make RNA. DNA can only be found in the nucleus.
Pick the 2 cells that share the same DNA sequence
Individual 1 Individual 2
Lung Cell 1 Cell 2
Hair Cell 3 Cell 4
Option 1:Cells 1 and 3
Option 2: Cells 2 and 4
(Cells in the same body should all have the same DNA sequence)
Sketch and label the 3 different types of RNA
mRNA = single helix
rRNA = ribosome
tRNA = 3bases attached to an amino acid
How many codons are in this mRNA strand?
A U G G C U A C A G U C C U C
There are 5 codons.
Each codon has 3 bases
Who took the first picture of DNA and aided in the discovery of its shape?
Rosalind Franklin
What type of molecule is this: T A C C G T A A?
A. DNA
B. mRNA
C. rRNA
D. tRNA
A. DNA
Because there are T's in this strand.
What are the three parts of the DNA nucleotide (building block)?
1) Deoxyribose sugar 2) phosphate group 3) nitrogenous base
The names of the 4 nitrogen bases of RNA.
What are Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Uracil?
1. Each codon translates to (one / many) animo acid/s.
2. Each amino acid is translated by (one / many) codon/s.
2. many (CCC,CCA,CCG,CCU all can = Pro)
Who determined the complimentary pairs of DNA?
Erwin Chargaff
(Chargaff's Rule)
The scientists who proved that genetic material come from DNA and not proteins through the use of radioactive viruses.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
The reason why DNA replication happens
To pass on genetic information to other cells during cell division (mitosis and meiosis)
Which types of RNA can be found in the nucleus?
What are only mRNA (rRNA are made in the nucleolous)
What is the anticodon of this DNA strand?
A T C C G T
Anticodon: A U C C G U
Explanation:
DNA: A T C C G T
mRNA (Codon): U A G G C A
tRNA (Anticodon): A U C C G U
Who first established that "genetic material" can be passed between organisms?
Frederick Griffith
What part/s of a nucleotide make up the backbone of an RNA strand?
Phosphate and sugar.
The backbone of RNA is the same as DNA, though the type of sugar is different.