DNA Structure
DNA Structure 2
RNA
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Mutations
100
What is the shape of DNA?
A double Helix
100
What is the monomer that DNA is made of?
Nucleotides
100
What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA
DNA has T and RNA has U
DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded.
DNA has the sugar Deoxyribose while RNA has Ribose.
100
What enzyme opens up the DNA strand during replication?
DNA helicase
100
What is the polymer of a protein called?
Polypeptide
100
Which type of mutation involves one base being swapped for another base?
Substitution
200
What are the 3 jobs of DNA?
Store information
Copy information
Transfer information
200
Where is DNA found in a prokaryotic cell?
Cytoplasm
200
What type of RNA makes up the structure of a ribosome
rRNA
200
Put the following steps in order.
1. DNA ligase seals new DNA strand together.
2. DNA Helicase unzips and unwinds parental DNA
3. DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides.
2 - 3 - 1
200
What is a 3 molecule (base) RNA sequence.
Codon
200
Which 2 types of mutations are considered frameshift mutations?
Substitution and Insertion
300
Identify the 3 parts of a nucleotide 
A. Deoxyribose Sugar
B. Phosphate Group
C. Nitrogenous Base
300
What type of macromolecule is DNA?
Nucleic Acid
300
What type of RNA contains an anticodon and brings amino acids to the ribosome.
tRNA.
300
Which enzyme is responsible for sealing up the strands of DNA after replication?
DNA Ligase
300
Transcribe the following DNA sequence into mRNA. Then use your codon chart to Translate the following mRNA sequence into amino acids
DNA: GGA AGT
Proline - STOP
300
Identify the type of mutation
Original DNA: CCT AGA TTC
Mutated DNA: CCG AGA TTC
Substitution (G for T in first codon)
400
What kind of bond holds two strands of DNA together?
Hydrogen.
400
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases found in DNA and which pair with one another.
A-T
C-G
400
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic acid
400
What are the two jobs of DNA polymerase?
Add nucleotides
Proofread
400
What is the end result of translation and where does it take place?
Protein / Ribosome
400
Identify the mutation.
Original DNA: GGA CCT TTG AT
Mutated DNA: GCG ACC TTT GAT
Insertion
500
If a strand of DNA is 21 percent thymine, what are the percent's of the other 3 bases?
A-21
C-29
G-29
500
Use chargaff's base pairing rule to write a complementary DNA sequence.
ATT ACC GGT
TAA TGG CCA
500
Which type of RNA is responsible for copying the genetic information from a gene on DNA and bringing it to the ribosome?
What is mRNA
500
Each new double helix produced by DNA replication contains a parent (template) strand and a new strand. Because of this, DNA replication is considered:
Semiconservative.
500
Below are the 4 molecules/ structures that are important to the Central Dogma of Biology. Number them in order that they are involved in the process of protein synthesis.
Ribosome Making Protein _____
DNA ____
RNA ____
Protein ____
3, 1, 2, 4
500
Which type of mutation is least likely to cause a change in amino acid sequence? Why?
Substitution. Multiple codons code for the same amino acid.