Scientists
Used X-ray diffraction to obtain clues about the structure of DNA
Rosalind Franklin
Stores genetic information in a cell
DNA
The full name of DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
When must DNA replicate?
Before cell division
A virus that infects bacteria (NOT ON 2021 Quiz)
Bacteriophage
Scientist(s) that showed that bacteria are transformed by DNA (NOT ON 2021 Quiz)
Avery
The base unit of a DNA molecule
Nucleotide
The bonds that form between nitrogenous bases in complementary strands of DNA
Hydrogen bonds
Refers to each original strand of DNA being used to make a new strand of DNA using base pairing rules
Complementary
The "inner rungs" of DNA are made up of what?
Nitrogenous bases
Used bacteriophages grown in P-32 and S-35 to determined that DNA is the genetic material (NOT ON 2021 Quiz)
Hershey & Chase
The 3 components that make up the base unit of a DNA molecule
Deoxyribose, Phosphate Group & a Nitrogenous Base
The bonds that form between alternating sugars and phosphates in the "backbone" of 1 strand of DNA
Covalent
The location where the 2 strands of a DNA molecules split apart
Replication fork
Process in which 1 type of bacteria is changed by a gene permanently into another type of bacteria (NOT ON 2021 Quiz)
Transformation
Used clues from Photo 51 to determine that the two strands of DNA are anti-parallel
Watson & Crick
A structure with two strands wound around each other
Double Helix
The percentage of adenine must always equal the amount of thymine in a DNA sample is known as what?
Chargaff's Rule
Refers to the two new double helixes that are identical to the parent DNA, each with 1 original strand of DNA and 1 new strand of DNA
Semi-conservative Replication
What component of its structure allows a molecule of DNA to separate before new strands are created?
Hydrogen bonds between bases
Discovered that the percentage of Adenine always equals the percentage of Thymine, and that the percentage of Cytosine always equals the percentage of Guanine in a DNA sample
Chargaff
Refers to the two strands of DNA aligned in opposite directions
Antiparallel
The perfect physical and chemical fit between A & T and G & C
Base Pairing
An enzyme that matches the bases on the parent/original strand one by one with new nucleotides found in the nucleus
DNA Polymerase
The two purines
Adenine & guanine