DNA Structure
If a DNA molecule is 23% Guanine (G), how much thymine is there?
What is 27%.
The organelle where transcription occurs. Bonus points for how you know.
What is the nucleus?
The organelle where translation takes place.
What is cytoplasm/ribosome.
The phase of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart to different poles of the cell.
What is anaphase?
What are hydrogen bonds?
What it means to be "semi-conservative."
What is having one original strand of DNA and 1 newly replicated strand?
The molecule produced in transcription.
What is mRNA?
The product of translation (what translation makes)
What is a protein?
Checkpoints in a cell are working normally. What is the most likely result for the cell if the DNA becomes damaged in the S phase?
What are Apoptosis or DNA Repair?
What is phosphate and sugar (deoxyribose)?
The enzyme that opens the strand of DNA.
What is helicase?
BEST OVERALL ANSWER WINS: The purpose of transcription.
What is to get DNA instructions out of the nucleus to the ribosome so that proteins can be built?
The molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosome by matching up complementary codons.
What is tRNA?
The phases of mitosis (in order). BONUS: Give a mnemonic to help everyone remember the steps.
What are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
NOT interphase, cytokinesis.
The 4 nitrogenous bases found in DNA.
What are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and Thymine (T).
the enzyme that adds base pairs to the template strand during repilcation.
DNA Polymerase
If the DNA template sequence is GCAATC, this is the mRNA sequence. Bonus points for directionality.
What is CGUUAG?
The name for the sets of 3 nucleotides on mRNA.
What is codon?
BEST GROUP ANSWER WINS. The role of cytokinesis.
Telophase creates 2 nuclei and ends mitosis, but the 2 nuclei are located in one cell body. In cytokinesis, the cytoplasm splits in half (from a cleavage furrow), creating 2 identical daughter cells. Although not a phase of mitosis, it completes the process.
The 3 parts of a nucleotide. Draw it for bonus points.
What is phosphate, sugar, base.
The enzyme that fills gaps in genetic information formed by Okazaki fragments.
DNA Ligase
The name of the strand that IS NOT used by RNA polymerase to create mRNA.
What is the coding strand?
BEST GROUP ANSWER WINS: The reason amino acid sequence matters.
Amino acids make up proteins. How amino acids react with the environment in the cell determines how they fold into a 3D shape. Shape determines function. If amino acid sequence is wrong, shape will be incorrect, and protein will not be functional.
BEST GROUP ANSWER WINS: How cancer works.
A mutation occurs that interferes with internal checkpoints in the cell cycle, allowing damaged DNA to continue replicating. These mutations generally mean the gas pedal is stuck down (proto-oncogenes) or the brake pedal is broken (tumor suppressor genes) allowing the cell to bypass checkpoints and divide uncontrollably. This uncontrolled cell division results in an accumulation of cells called a tumor.