DNA
What does DNA stand for? What does RNA Stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
Ribonucleic Acid.
What happens to the DNA strand at the beginning of DNA replication? what enzymes are used?
The double helix unravels with Topoisomerase & unzip the DNA using Helicase
What type of mutation is a single nucleotide substitution?
Gene Mutation
Where does transcription take place?
It happens in the nucleus.
What happens during the process of translation?
Creates proteins from the mRNA template.
What shape does DNA make?
It has the shape of a double helix.
What direction does DNA build a new DNA strand?
5' to 3'
What type of mutation occurs in multiple genes.
Chromosomal mutations
What type(s) of RNA is involved in transcription?
mRNA is only involved.
What is the end result of translation?
A poly-peptide chain is made.
What four bases are in DNA? What four bases are in RNA?
DNA has all of these bases, Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine, & Thymine.
RNA has all of these bases: Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine, & Uracil
What is DNA replication?
Copying a double-stranded DNA molecule.
Answers may vary.
What is the end result of transcription?
A complimentary copy of RNA is made.
What type(s) of RNA are involved in translation?
mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
What is DNA Transcribed into?
mRNA
DNA replication takes place in what cell(s)?
Occurs in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Write/Draw an example of a frameshift mutation.
Answers may vary.
What happens during transcription?
RNA polymerase connects to RNA bases to DNA. RNA moves to from the nucleus, then to the cytoplasm and finally in the ribosome.
Where does translation occur?
Takes place in the ribosome.
DNA has what type of backbone?
Sugar-phosphate backbone
What is the fragment that is glued together during DNA replication?
Okazaki fragments are added to strands.
Draw an example of a chromosomal duplication.
Answers may vary
How many strands of DNA is copied during transcription?
One strand of DNA is copied.
Does translation come before or after transcription?
Occurs last.