DNA and Genes
This five-carbon sugar is found in every DNA nucleotide.
Answer: Deoxyribose
Meiosis produces this number of daughter cells from one parent cell.
Answer: 4
An individual with the genotype Bb is described by this term, because its two alleles differ.
Answer: Heterozygous
Human ABO blood groups fall into distinct categories with no intermediates. This type of variation is shown.
Answer: Discontinuous variation
Slides in all three presentations describe the wisdom of this Name of Allah, meaning “The Creator”.
Answer: Al-Khaliq
Cytosine and guanine are held together by this many hydrogen bonds.
Answer: 3
Human gametes are haploid and contain this number of chromosomes.
Answer: 23
This term describes the observable characteristics of an organism, such as black fur.
Answer: Phenotype
UV rays and X-rays increase the rate of DNA mutation. Agents like these are called this.
Answer: Mutagens
Surah Ar-Rum (30:22) lists the variation in your languages and in these as a sign of Allah.
Answer: Colours
A sample of double-stranded DNA contains 28% cytosine. This is the percentage of adenine it contains.
Answer: 22%
In this process, non-sister chromatids of homologous pairs swap equivalent segments of DNA.
Answer: Crossing over
Two heterozygous guinea pigs (Bb × Bb) mate. This is the probability, as a percentage, of a brown-furred (bb) offspring.
Answer: 25%
A base change alters the triplet GGA to GGG. Both code for glycine, so this term describes the mutation’s effect.
Answer: Neutral
Surah Adh-Dhariyat (51:49) says Allah created “of every thing” two of these, a fact that parallels homologous pairs of chromosomes.
Answer: Pairs (mates)
A gene has a coding sequence of 240 base pairs with no stop codons. This is the number of amino acids in the polypeptide.
Answer: 80
Homologous pairs line up randomly at the spindle equator before separating. This is the name of the process.
Answer: Independent assortment
A homozygous tall plant (TT) is crossed with a heterozygous tall plant (Tt). This percentage of the offspring will be tall.
Answer: 100%
Continuous variation, such as human height, is controlled by many genes acting together. This is the term for that type of inheritance.
Answer: Polygenic inheritance
In Surah Al-Mu’minun (23:14), after the nutfah and the ‘alaqah, the next stage of human creation is this, meaning a “lump of flesh”.
Answer: Mudghah
Because 64 possible triplets code for only about 20 amino acids, the genetic code is described by this term.
Answer: Degenerate
If gametes were made by mitosis, fertilisation would double the human chromosome number to this value.
Answer: 92
A red-eyed fruit fly (R) is crossed with a sepia-eyed fly (rr). Half the offspring have red eyes and half have sepia eyes. This is the genotype of the red-eyed parent.
Answer: Rr
In Daphnia, mean tail spine length rose from 45 µm with no predator chemical to 180 µm at the highest concentration. The spine became this many times longer.
Answer: 4 times (fourfold)
Surah Al-Hujurat (49:13) says Allah made humankind into nations and tribes for this purpose.
Answer: To know one another