Transcription
Transcription
The process by which the message from DNA is written down into RNA.
Polypeptide chain
A long chain of amino acids that form a protein molecule.
Frederick Griffith
Furthered Griffith's research - wanted to find out what it was in the heat-killed bacteria that was passed on to the live bacteria.
Double helix
a pair of parallel helices swirled around
DNA Replication
the process of making identical copies of DNA before cell division
mRNA
The form of RNA which is created as a blueprint from DNA; carries instructions for making a protein.
codon
This is a three letter sequence on mRNA. Each of these codes for one amino acid.
Bacteriophage
Virus that infects bacteria
Hydrogen bond
a type of weak bond formed between the nitrogenous bases on opposite strands of DNA.
Semiconservative replication
Method of DNA replication in which parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand and one new DNA strand
rRNA
The form of RNA found in the ribosome.
tRNA
Brings the amino acid from the cytoplasm to the ribosome. It attaches its anti-codon to its corresponding codon on mRNA. It codes for a specific amino acid.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Adenine
the nucleotide that bonds with the nucleotide Thymine in DNA or with Uracil in RNA.
helicase
An enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication.
ribose
The sugar found in the RNA nucleotide.
Translation
The final stage of protein synthesis. The process of translating a sequence of mRNA to a sequence of amino acids.
Nucleus
Location of DNA in a eukaryotic cell
Thymine
the nucleotide that bonds with the nucleotide Adenine in DNA.
DNA Polymerase
Enzyme that builds the complementary strand in DNA replication.
Uracil
The base found only in RNA
Ribosomes
The organelle where translation takes place. It is also called a protein-making factory.
Cytoplasm
Location of DNA in a prokaryotic cell
Guanine
the nucleotide that bonds with the nucleotide Cytosine in DNA or RNA.
hydrogen bond
A weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of another polar molecule.