DNA Structure & Function
Name the full scientific word for DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
who discovered DNA was genetic material?
Hershey and Chase
This enzyme unzips DNA before replication
helicase
the scientific name of RNA is?
ribonucleic acid
True or false; genes are instructions to make proteins that give us our traits
True!
Name the 3 parts of a DNA molecule
sugar, phosphate, base
Who discovered the ratios of base pairs?
Chargaff
This enzyme prepares the strands of DNA for replication
primase
true or false; we must make RNA before we make protein
true!
what food looks like a ribosomal unit?
a cheeseburger
What are the 4 DNA bases and which pairs bond together?
Adenine-Thymine
Cytosine-Guanine
Who took the first photograph of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
this enzyme adds new nucleotide bases as the DNA is replicated
dna polymerase III
name the 3 different types of RNA
messenger, transfer, ribosomal
name the 3 stages of protein synthesis
initiation, elongation, termination
Which bases are purines? Which are pyrimidines?
purines= adenine and guanine
pyrimidines= thymine and cytosine
Who published the first report describing the double helix shape?
Watson and Crick
this enzyme pries the DNA helix open so it won't stick together during replication
single strand binding proteins or ssbp's
name the nucleotide bases of RNA?
adenine, urasil, cytosine, guanine
in which stage of protein synthesis do we build our amino acid chain?
elongation
Gene expression is regulated by these special proteins
transcription factors
Who took all credit for the discovery of the double helix even though they didn't do most of the work?
Watson and Crick (Franklin did the majority of the experiments and received no credit)
this enzyme ties together okazaki fragments
ligase
what enzyme makes RNA from DNA?
RNA polymerase
True or false; each chain of amino acid begins the same way
true! the start codon AUG is found on each one