DNA replication
what is the first step in DNA replication?
to ‘unzip’ the double helix structure of the DNA molecule.
what is the enzyme called that performs transcription?
RNA polymerase
what happens during translation?
the mRNA is "decoded" to build a protein that contains a specific series of amino acids.
who gave DNA the name "DNA"?
phoebus Levenu
what is the structure of DNA?
double helix
what enzyme "unzips" DNA double helix structure
helicase
what is transcription the first step in?
gene expression
what is the definition of translation?
is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus.
how was DNA discovered?
two scientists discovered the double helix model
what is the structure of RNA?
single helix
The separation of the two single strands of DNA creates a ‘Y’ shape called?
replication ‘fork’
what is gene expression?
copying a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule.
what are the three steps of translation?
initiation, elongation, and termination
what was DNA called before it was called DNA?
nuclein
both contain what?
sets of nucleotides that contain genetic information.
what do the two strands act as after being split by the helicase enzyme?
they act as templates for making the new strands of DNA.
what are the three stages of transcription?
initiation, elongation, and termination
what happens during initiation?
the small ribosomal subunit binds to the start of the mRNA sequence.
who were the two individuals who found the double helix structure?
Francis Crick and James Watson
what base is DNA?
sugar
what are the two types of strands left after the double helix structure is "unzipped"?
lagging, and leading
what is the goal of transcription?
The goal of transcription is to make an RNA copy of a gene's DNA sequence.
why is translation important in biology?
because in the process of making proteins. Without transcription and translation, your body would have no possible way to make proteins or function. Proteins allow your body to do everything.
who took the photographs that helped discover the double helix model?
Rosalind Franklin
what is the main role of DNA?
the long-term storage of information.