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Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
Genes
Miscellaneous
100
two main types of nucleic acids
What are DNA and RNA?
100
The structure of DNA is this shape
What is a double helix?
100
The type of sugar found in RNA
What is ribose?
100
A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
What is a gene?
100
ATP is a modified one of these, containing 3 phosphate groups instead of one
What is a nucleotide?
200
the monomer of a nucleic acid
What is a nucleotide?
200
the type of sugar found in DNA
What is deoxyribose?
200
The 4 bases found in RNA and how they pair?
What are adenine, uracil, guanine and cytosine, A pairs with U and G pairs with C?
200
The entire genetic code of an organism
What is a genome?
200
If one strand of DNA has the base sequence as follows: A G A C T T G A C T G then this is the sequence of the complementary DNA strand:
What is T C T G A A C T G A C ?
300
the 3 parts of a nucleic acid monomer
What are a 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group and base?
300
the 4 bases found in DNA and how they pair
What are adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine, A pairs with T and G pairs with C?
300
The type of RNA found in the nucleus or the cytoplasm, it carries a copy of the DNA message to the ribosome
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
300
The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by the sequence of these in DNA
What are nucleotide bases?
300
ATP stores energy here
What are the chemical bonds between the phosphate groups?
400
the function of nucleic acids
What is storage of genetic material?
400
the type of chemical bond that holds together the bases of the two strands of a double helix
What are hydrogen bonds?
400
The type of RNA that is found in the cytoplasm only, it brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
400
DNA in a eukaryotic cell is tightly wound into these structures that look like an X (humans have 46 per cell)
What are chromosomes?
400
If a strand of DNA contains 20% adenine, it also contains this % of cytosine
What is 30%? The % of A and % of T are equal, since they base pair, so 20 + 20 =40% A + T A + T + G + C adds up to 100%, so if A+T =40%, then G+C must equal 60%, or 30% C (and also 30% G)
500
The elements that make up nucleic acids
What are CHONP (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus)?
500
DNA contains the instructions for making this type of macromolecule
What are proteins?
500
If a strand of DNA has the base sequence as follows: A G C T C A G C A T then this is the sequence of the complementary strand of mRNA.
What is U C G A G U C G U A
500
The approximate number of genes in a human
What is 30,000?
500
Protein synthesis occurs in this organelle found in the cytoplasm
What is the ribosome?