Misc.
What are endonucleases used for?
Endonucleases cut DNA at specific sites
purpose of PCR?
allows a targeted region of DNA to be replicated/amplified into as many copies as are desired.
Purpose of gel electrophoresis?
to determine the size, polarity of a DNA fragment.
What are the two components of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex?
Guide RNA (sgRNA) and Cas9 endonuclease
What is the difference between blunt ends and sticky ends in DNA?
Blunt ends have straight cuts with no overhanging bases, while sticky ends have overhanging sequences.
what kind of reaction is the pcr reaction?
a DNA synthesis reaction. It requires the same basic components used by the cell to replicate its DNA.
T/F? Small fragments are able to move through the gel more easily than large, so in a given interval of time, shorter fragments will have moved farther through the gel.
true
WHat can be achieved using the CRISPR-Cas9 system?
Edit a specific gene through inserting, deleting or modifying the sequence.
What does DNA ligase do?
DNA ligase joins separated DNA strands
True or false? PCR uses only high temperatures (95+) during the process.
False
Direction of fragment movement?
negative to positive.
Where was the technology of CRISPR-Cas9 derived from?
E. coli bacteria use CRISPR-Cas9 to destroy vrial DNA.
How does DNA polymerase help in DNA copying?
DNA polymerase adds new nucleotides to a growing DNA strand
the 3 steps of PCR?
denaturation, annealing and extension.
enzyme used to break up a whole genome into smaller fragments
restriction enzyme
Can CRISPR-Cas9 be used on all types of organisms?
Yes, CRISPR-Cas9 can edit DNA in many organisms, including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans.
Primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaroytic DNA?
prok = circular
euk = linear
this problem was solved by using DNA polymerase aka Taq polymerase from a extremophile.
temperature senstivity
purpose of restriction enzymes?
can be useful to cut DNA at specific sites
How is CRISPR-Cas9 different from older gene-editing methods?
CRISPR-Cas9 is faster, cheaper, and more precise than older methods