DNA Basics
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is a mutation?
A change in DNA sequence
What is the cell membrane made of?
Phospholipid bilayer
What is osmosis?
Diffusion of water across a membrane
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
Which mutation replaces one base with another?
Substitution
What does selectively permeable mean?
The membrane controls what can pass through.
Which solution causes cells to shrink?
Hypertonic solution
Which base pairs with Adenine (A)?
Thymine (T)
Which mutations cause frameshift?
Insertion and deletion.
Which part of phospholipids is water-loving?
The phosphate head (hydrophilic)
Which transport type requires ATP energy?
Active transport
Where is DNA found in the cell?
Nucleus
Are all mutations harmful?
No. Some are beneficial or neutral.
What role do proteins play in the membrane?
They act as channels and receptors
Does diffusion move from HIGH to LOW or LOW to HIGH?
HIGH concentration to LOW concentration