DNA Structure & Function
DNA stands for:
A) Deoxyriboflavic acid
B) Dideoxyribose amino
C) Deoxyribose nucleus acid
D) Deoxyribonucleic acid
D) Deoxyribonucleic acid
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA strands for replication?
A) Ligase
B) Polymerase
C) Helicase
D) Primase
C) Helicase
Transcription is
A) DNA --> DNA
B) DNA --> RNA
C) RNA --> Protein
D) DNA --> Protein
B) DNA --> RNA
Where does translation occur?
A) In the nucleus
B) On the mitochondria
C) On ribosomes
D) On chromosomes
C) On ribosomes
What is the "powerhouse" of the cell?
Mitochondria
What are the monomers (building blocks) of nucleic acids?
A) Amino acids
B) Monosaccharides
C) Nucleotides
D) Fatty acids
C) Nucleotides
DNA replication is
A) Conservative
B) Semiconservative
C) Reproductive
D) Semireproductive
B) Semiconservative
Transcription occurs:
A) On Ribosomes
B) In mitochondria
C) In the nucleus
D) In the cytoplasm
C) In the nucleus
Which of the following is not involved in translation?
A) tRNA
B) Ribosomes
C) Amino acids
D) Nucleus
D) Nucleus
What type of biomolecule is butter?
Lipid
What is the backbone of DNA composed of?
A) Sugars and proteins
B) Sugars and phosphates
C) Amino acids
D) Acids and phosphates
B) Sugars and phosphates
Where does DNA replication occur?
A) Ribosomes
B) Cytoplasm
C) Mitochondria
D) Nucleus
D) Nucleus
For the DNA bases ATGC, the complimentary RNA bases would be
A) TACG
B) CGTA
C) UACG
D) AUGC
C) UACG
This type of RNA functions in translation by bringing a matching amino acid using a complimentary anticodon
A) pre-mRNA
B) tRNA
C) rRNA
D) mRNA
B) tRNA
In what stage of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle?
Metaphase
Which of the following DNA base pairs are correctly matched?
A) U = A
B) T = C
C) G = C
D) C = T
C) G = C
How many strands of DNA are produced during replication?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
C) 2
Which of the following is NOT a post-transcription modification that must happen to RNA for it to leave the nucleus?
A) Exons removed
B) Introns removed
C) 5' methyl cap
D) 3' poly A tail
A) Exons removed
What are the labels for the sites in a ribosome that are used in translation?
A) E, P, A
B) P, M, A, T
C) A, T, C, G
D) A, U, G
A) E, P, A
What are the two polymers of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What type of bond holds the nitrogenous base pairs together?
A) Ionic bonds
B) Helium bonds
C) Hydrogen bonds
D) Polypeptide bonds
C) Hydrogen bonds
The two strands of DNA are said to be antiparallel. What does this mean?
A) They are parallel and identical
B) They are not parallel or identical
C) They are parallel and complimentary
D) They are not parallel but are complimentary
C) They are parallel and complimentary
If a DNA sequence reads ATG CGT AGG TAC ACT, what would the complimentary mRNA sequence read?
A) TAC GCA TCC ATG TGA
B) AUG CGU AGG UAC ACU
C) TCA CAT GGA TGC GTA
D) UAC GCA UCC AUG UGA
D) UAC GCA UCC AUG UGA
How many strands of DNA are produced during translation?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
A) 0
A molecule of DNA has 100 nitrogenous bases. If the molecule contains 20 adenine (A) bases, then how many cytosine (C) bases must it have?
**use Chargaff's Rule**
30