This type of RNA delivers amino acids to a ribosome in the order specified by mRNA.
tRNA
100
What is the start codon?
AUG
100
Rosalind Frankling used what to find the structure of DNA?
X-ray diffraction images
100
The DNA strand splits at what?
The replication fork
100
Regulatory proteins interact with __________.
a. DNA
b. RNA
c. Gene products
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
200
This catalyzes nucleotide additions to a growing RNA strand.
RNA polymerase
200
The three stages of translation are: initiation, elongation, and what?
Termination
200
Which scientist cultured two different strains of bacterium?
Griffith
200
Biologists refer to the process in which only half of the DNA strand is "new" as what?
Semiconservative replication
200
When DNA replication begins, ____________.
a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other
b. the two DNA strands condense
c. two DNA molecules bond
d. old strands move to find new strands
a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other
300
Base Triplets in an mRNA strand
Codon
300
During the elongation stage of translation, a what is assembled as the mRNA passes between two ribsomal subunits?
A polypeptide chain
300
Which two scientists' findings led to the belief that DNA, not proteins, was the molecult of inheritance?
Hershey and Chase
300
___________ fix breaks in strands
DNA ligases
300
One species' DNA differs from others in its _______.
a. Sugars
b. Phosphates
c. Base sequences
d. All of the Above
c. Base sequences
400
These are base sequences that must be removed before a pre-mRNA moleculs can be translated.
Introns
400
During the initiation stage, an initiator tRNA and a what are loaded onto a ribosome?
mRNA transcript
400
Pauling's model had ___________ bonds at phosphate groups holding DNA's structure together.
Hydrogen
400
___________ fix mismatched base pairs or replace mutated bases with undamaged ones.
Specialized DNA polymerases
400
DNA replication requires ___________.
a. free nucleotides
b. new hydrogen bonds
c. many enzymes
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
500
This is a set of sixty-four different codons and is the basis of protein synthesis in all organisms.
Genetic code
500
Proteins known as release factors trigger enzyme activity that _________ the mRNA and the chain from the ribosome.
Detaches
500
Which scientist believed the amount of adenine was equal to that of thymine and the amount of guanine was equal to that of cytosine?
Erwin Chargaff
500
DNA ligases fill in tiny gaps between the new short stretches to form a _____________ strand.
continuous
500
An operon most typically governs ___________.
a. bacterial genes
b. a eukaryotic gene
c. genes of all types
d. DNA replication