Enzymes Involved
This enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix.
What is helicase?
DNA replication is described as this type of process.
What is semi-conservative?
These are the building blocks used by DNA polymerase.
What are deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs)?
DNA replication in prokaryotes typically starts at how many origins?
What is one?
This term describes the process of correcting base pairing mistakes.
What is proofreading?
This enzyme adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.
What is DNA polymer?
This is the site where DNA replication begins.
What is the origin of replication?
This single-stranded protein helps stabilize unwound DNA.
What is single-stranded binding protein (SSB)?
The main replicative DNA polymerase in prokaryotes is called what?
What is DNA polymerase III?
DNA polymerase has this kind of activity to remove incorrect nucleotides.
What is 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity?
This enzyme creates RNA primers during replication.
What is primase?
The continuously synthesized strand is known as this.
What is the leading strand?
This is the RNA segment required to start replication.
What is a primer?
This eukaryotic polymerase is responsible for lagging strand synthesis.
What is DNA polymerase delta?
A mismatch in DNA replication that escapes proofreading can cause this.
What is a mutation?
This enzyme joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.
What is DNA ligase?
The direction in which DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA.
What is 5’ to 3’?
These are the components required for in vitro DNA replication.
What are DNA template, primers, DNA polymerase, dNTPs, and buffer?
This structure prevents loss of DNA from the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.
What are telomeres?
This repair mechanism corrects mismatched base pairs after replication.
What is mismatch repair?
This enzyme relieves super-coiling ahead of the replication fork.
What is topoisomerase (or gyrase in prokaryotes)?
These are the short DNA fragments made on the lagging strand.
What are Okazaki fragments?
Name the complex that includes all replication proteins in eukaryotes.
What is the replisome?
This enzyme extends telomeres in germ and stem cells.
What is telomerase?
This disease is linked to defects in mismatch repair genes.
What is Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer)?