Enzymes
This is the enzyme that "unzips the genes" by breaking the weak hydrogen bonds.
What is helicase?
Early scientists thought this was the likely genetic material due to its complexity.
What are proteins?
DNA is copied during this phase of the cell cycle (be specific).
What is S-Phase?
The name of the area where DNA begins to replicate/copy/divide
What is the origin of replication?
This enzyme adds the new nucleotides during DNA replication?
What is DNA Polymerase?
The four nucleotide bases
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine?
These 2 men are credited with discovering the structure of DNA.
Who are Watson and Crick?
The "Y-shaped" region on DNA where the 2 strands of DNA separate during replication.
What is the replication fork?
DNA replication is referred to as this because the two strands of the parental molecule separate, and each acts as a template for a new complementary strand.
What is 3’-GCATAC-5’ ?
This is the enzyme that links the okazhaki fragments together after primers are removed.
What is DNA Ligase?
What is A::T and G:::C?
She was responsible for the X-ray crystallography photographs that helped Watson and Crick with their elucidation of the structure of DNA.
This strand of DNA during replication is synthesized as a single strand from the point of origin toward the opening replication fork. Copies in the 3' to the 5' direction
What is the leading strand?
The enzyme that builds RNA primers during DNA replication.
What is Primase?
These are the fragments formed on the lagging strand by DNA Polymerase.
What are Okazaki fragments?
This person has a rule named after him for figuring out the relative abundance and pairing rules for the four nitrogenous bases in DNA
Who is Chargaff?
The series of short segments on the lagging strand of DNA during DNA replication.
What is are the okazaki fragments?
What is a silent mutation?
After helicase unzips the genes, these hold the template strands of DNA in place so that they do not wind back up.
What are single stranded binding proteins?
The difference between ribose and deoxyribose.
What is an oxygen molecule?
The experiments done by these biologists used bacteriophage and radioactivity to support the idea that DNA is the genetic material.
Who are Hershey and Chase?
DNA replication is referred to as this because the two strands of the parental molecule separate, and each acts as a template for a new complementary strand.
What is semiconservative?
A DNA mutation that results in a premature (early) stop codon
What is a nonsense mutation?