Enzymes
This is the enzyme that "unzips the two polynucleotide strands"
What is helicase?
This is the word for the shape of DNA
What is a double-helix?
Makes a new copy of DNA continuously in a 5' to the 3' direction
What is the leading strand
The name of the area where DNA begins to replicate/copy/divide. Half the replication bubble. Also called the origin of replication.
What is the replication fork?
This is the enzyme that adds new nucleotide bases to the parent or template strand to form a new DNA strand
What is DNA Polymerase III
The four nucleotide bases and which are pairs? What holds the complimentary bases together
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine?
A & T G & C
Hydrogen bonds
Step 3
DNA polymerase adds complimentary bases from 3' to 5' end on leading strand
Copies the template strand using a discontinuous "jumping" action
What is the lagging strand
The complimentary strand to a template DNA strand that reads "CAT TAC GCT"
What is "GTA ATG CGA"?
This is the enzyme that links all the Okasaki fragments on the lagging strand together
What is DNA Ligase?
The amount of cytosine always equals the amount of guanine AND The amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine
What is Chargoff's Rule
Step 2
RNA primase adds a primer to lagging strand
What is BOTH?
A set of histones called tightly form a structure that then coils into a chromosome.
What is a nucleosome?
The enzyme that replaces the RNA primers on the lagging strand?
What is Polymerase I
These are the small pieces of DNA formed on the lagging strand by DNA Polymerase III.
What are Okazaki fragments?
Step 4
DNA polymerase III adds complimentary bases in the 3' to 5' direction, forming Okazaki fragments
This enzyme builds a primer of about 5 RNA nucleotides that gives the DNA polymerase a place to add new bases to the template strands?
What is RNA primase?
New DNA is built in this direction
What is 5' -> 3'?
Step 5
DNA ligase links Okazaki fragments. You end up with 2 strands "daughter" of DNA from 1 "parent" strand
Forms a new "daughter" strand of DNA by using the "parent" strand as a template
What is BOTH!