DNA
What shape is DNA
Double Helix
Where does replication occur in organisms?
This changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA
Mutation
The long chain of amino acids is called a ______________.
Protein
This phase is where the cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for DNA replication.
G1 phase
The 4 nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule include...
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
Adenine pairs with ___________
Guanine pairs with ____________
Thymine
Cytosine
The type of RNA that carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome
mRNA
During Transcription DNA convert to _____________
During Translation, RNA converts to ____________
RNA
Protein
This phase is where the DNA is replicated in preparation for cell division.
S phase
This is the sugar found in DNA
Deoxyribose
During the formation of new strands of DNA, this enzyme adds new nucleotides to the growing strand
DNA Polymerase
The two steps of Protein Synthesis are?
Transcription and Translation
What Amino acid comes from the AUG codon
Met
: This phase is where the cell checks for any errors in the DNA before proceeding to mitosis.
G2 Phase
A nucleotide is made up of what three parts?
sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base
This enzyme is responsible for breaking the hydrogen bonds between nucleotides during replication. It unzips the DNA
Helicase
List 3 differences between a DNA & RNA molecule.
DNA is double stranded; RNA is single
N. Bases for DNA: A, C, G, T; RNA: A, U, C, G
DNA has a deoxyribose sugar; RNA: ribose sugar
DNA can't leave the nucleus; RNA has to leave the nucleus
Ribosomes read the mRNA strand _____ codon at a time. Each codon is made of ______ nitrogen bases.
1
3
The phase of mitosis where the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell.
metaphase
This is small subunits that compose molecules of DNA & RNA.
Nucleotide
DNA replication is called ___________________ beucase it keeps 1/2 the old DNA and gets 1/2 the new
Semi-Conservative
This type of mutation shifts the reading frame of the codons during translation
frameshift mutation
mRNA leaves the ____________ and goes to this organelle ______________
Nucleus , cytoplasm or Ribosome
Two identical daughter cells