The Process of DNA Replication
Enzymes
A Little on
Stem Cells
Stem Cells
DNA & Replication
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Examples of
Enzymes
Enzymes
100
This is how many DNA strands are made from one round of replication.
What is two?
100
Finish the statement: enzymes are __________!
What are proteins?
100
This is a type of cell that does not know what it will become yet.
What is a stem cell or undifferentiated cell?
100
DNA has a unique structure where the strands are opposites of each other, this is called. . .
What is antiparallel?
100
This enzyme helps unzips the DNA strand by breaking H bonds.
What is helicase?
200
DNA polymerase only moves in this way.
What is 3' to 5'?
200
Will the the substrate bind to form the enzyme-substrate complex?
What is no, it will not bind?
200
Name one disease or disorder that is being treated by stem cell therapies.
What is diabetes, Parkinson's, corneal clouding, leukemia, liver failure, or skin burns?
200
The four DNA nitrogenous bases.
What are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G)?
200
The functions of DNA Polymerase.
What is making the new daughter strand of DNA, proofreading and repairing DNA?
300
Name both of the cellular process that requires DNA replication.
What is mitosis and meiosis?
300
This is the area on an enzyme where the substrate will bind.
What is the active site?
300
This is the 'best' type of stem cell.
What is an embryonic stem cell?
300
In this process, new daughter DNA molecule receives one parent strand and one daughter strand.
What is semiconservative replication?
300
The functions of ligase.
What is to glue the two new strands together and glue together the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?
400
Okazaki fragments are only found on this strand, you must name ____' to ____'.
What is the lagging strand and 5' to 3'?
400
Enzymes are considered __________, meaning they only bind to the substrates they are intended for.
What is highly specific?
400
Adult stem cells are called this.
What are somatic cells?
400
Prokaryotic DNA is found in the shape of a circle, also called this.
What is a plasmid?
400
This enzyme is responsible for relaxing the supercoiled DNA, it is also located before the replication fork starts.
What is topoisomerase?
500
This area is where primers bind and DNA replication starts.
What is the origin of replication?
500
Name the three 'steps' of making an enzyme.
What is DNA to RNA to protein/enzyme?
500
Stem cells differentiate through this process.
What is adding a protein tag to the cell?
500
Pyrimidine v. Purine
Name the differences of these classes of nitrogenous bases.
What is a pyrimidine is a single ring and a purine is a double ring?
500
The function of primase.
What is making primers?