What is the relationship between mitosis and DNA replication?
100
They are helicase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase.
What are the enzymes involved in DNA replication?
100
Purines have this kind of shape. Pyrimidines have this other kind of shape.
What are a single-ring and double-ring structure?
200
DNA has hydrogen bonds between these. These are their names.
What are DNA's nitrogen base pairs? Also what are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine?
200
They are RNA's nitrogen base pairs.
What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and uracil?
200
This is the first step of DNA replication.
What is the process of helicase unwinding the double helix of DNA at breakneck speeeds, slicing open those loose hydrogen bonds between the base pairs (starting at the replication fork)?
200
It starts its job at the replication fork.
Where does helicase start its job?
200
This is the length of Okazaki fragments.
What fragments have lengths from 100 to 200 nucleotides?
300
These are the two categories of DNA's nitrogen bases.
What are purines and pyrimidines?
300
RNA has this many strands.
What is the number one?
300
This is the second step of DNA replication.
What is the process of DNA polymerase adding matching nucleotides all the way down the 5'-3' strand of DNA with RNA primase telling where it should hook onto the strand of DNA?
300
It unwinds the double helix at breakneck speeds, slicing open those loose hydrogen bonds between the base pairs, starting at the replication fork.
What does the enzyme helicase do?
300
This is the way that the lagging strand gets another strand to combine with it to form a whole DNA molecule.
What is the process of DNA polymerase having to run the lagging strand backwards (and RNA primase having to tell it to do this by telling it where to hook on) in segments and then DNA ligase hooking the segments back together?
400
This is the structure of DNA.
What has the structure of a phosphate group followed by a 5-carbon sugar followed by two nitrogen bases followed by a 5-carbon sugar followed by a phosphate group?
400
RNA has this relationship along with DNA with nucleotides.
What does it mean when DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides?
400
DNA's copied from 5' to 3' only. This implication gives the lagging strand its name.
Why does the lagging strand have to be run in the opposite direction and have to be copied as a series of fragments?
400
These two work together by having one of them adding matching nucleotides all the way down a strand of DNA and the other telling that one where to hook on to start building the new DNA chain.
What are DNA polymerase and RNA primase?
400
Using a process called x-ray diffraction, she may have been the first to confirm the helical structure of DNA. She also figured out that the sugar-phosphate backbone existed on the outside of its structure.
What were Rosalind Franklin's role in DNA discovery?
500
Adenine and thymine have this kind of hydrogen bond. Cytosine and guanine have this other kind of hydrogen bond.
What are a double and triple hydrogen bond?
500
It's the corresponding RNA series of nucleotide bases for the DNA series of CATTGCGT.
What is GUAACGCA?
500
This is the name of the segments of the lagging strand segments that result due to the fact that the lagging strand needs to be run backwards.
What are Okazaki fragments.
500
This enzyme hooks all the Okazaki fragments back together?
What is DNA ligase?
500
These are the scientists that discovered DNA.
Who are James Watson, Francis Crick, Friedrich Miescher, and Rosalind Franklin?