DNA Structure
DNA Synthesis
Protein Synthesis
Mutations and Cancer
Genetic Manipulation
100
This "sweet" component makes up part of the backbone in DNA
Pentose Sugar (Deoxyribose)
100
This enzyme is responsible for "unzipping" DNA
DNA Helicase
100
Using DNA as a template, this type of RNA is made
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
100
A mutation with no effect on the DNA is called this
Silent Mutations
100
This process creates a genetically identical copy of an organism
Cloning
200
This nucleotide known as Adenine will only pair up with other structure
Thymine
200
Using a leading parent strand, this type of strand will be created to form the other half of the double helix
Lagging daughter strand
200
This portion of protein synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm
Translation
200
Adding or removing one or more nitrogenous bases to a genetic code will result in this
Frameshift Mutation
200
Considered one of humanity's greatest achievement. This venture was started in 1990, completed in 2003, and involved identifying, mapping and sequencing human DNA
The Human Genome Project
300
Cytosine-Guanine, Adenine-Thymine are held together by these number of bonds
3 hydrogen bonds, 2 hydrogen bonds
300
In DNA synthesis, the term "semi-conservative" means this
A newly formed DNA strand contains one "old" parent strand and one "new" daughter strand
300
tRNA is responsible for bringing this molecule to the ribosome, and does so by matching up this part of it's structure to mRNA
Amino Acid, anti-codon
300
These types of mutations are referred to as mutagens
Any external environmental conditions
300
This technique involves using/altering genes in order to cure a disease or medical disorder
Gene Therapy
400
This term is used to describe the 5' to 3' alternating relationship between the strands of a double helix
Antiparallel
400
This specialized molecule is responsible for coating nucleotides to prevent DNA strands from re-forming into a double helix
Single Stranded Binding Proteins
400
You can find the appropriate amino acid using this chart
mRNA Codon Chart
400
Normal Genetic Code: AAC TGA
Mutated Code: AAC GGA
Is an example of this type of mutation
Missense
400
In Vitro involves this process
Extracting eggs from a female organism and fertilizing hem with sperm in a lab
500
This scientist used X ray diffraction to photograph DNA
Rosalind Franklin
500
These are the functional roles of DNA Polymerase
Creating complementary base pairs between parent strand and daughter, proofreading DNA, converting RNA primer to DNA.
500
Messenger RNA is considered "pre-mRNA" until this happens. (Must provide 4 key details)
A guanine cap is placed on it as well as a poly-A tail, introns are spliced out leaving only the exons
500
This genetic mutation can result in a lack of trypsin and melanin production resulting in albinism
Phenylketonuria
500
Food crops that have been altered to become Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO's) would now be identified as this
Transgenic Organisms