DNA Replication
The process that make an exact copy of a cell's DNA is called
DNA Replication
What is transcription?
What is the end result?
The process where RNA makes a copy of DNA
single-stranded mRNA transcript
Where does translation occur (where does mRNA travel)
At the ribosome
Which molecule has the codon for amino acid
mRNA
The shape of DNA is referred to as a
DNA replication occurs where in a cell?
nucleus
Where does transcription take place?
Nucleus of the cell
What is the purpose of translation
Mutations where the entire reading frames gets shifted due to insertions or deletions (thus changing the amino acid groups) are called
frameshift mutations
What are the nitrogen bases of DNA?
How do they pair?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
A-T
C-G
What are the sides of the DNA "ladder" made up of?
Sugar-phosphate backbone
What are the bases of RNA
A C G U
What does tRNA carry?
Anticodon and amino acid
Mutations that only affect one base due to a substitution are called
Point mutations
What bonds hold together the nitrogen bases
Are they strong or weak?
hydrogen
weak
If there is a 33% Thymine in a DNA molecule, what are the percent possibilities for the other nitrogen bases?
33% Adenine, 17% Guanine and 17% Cytosine
What is the purpose of mRNA?
the deliver DNA's instructions for making a protein
What is the central dogma of Biology?
DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein
If the ‘original’ DNA sequence was mutated…
From: TAC CCT GGT ACA TCT ATC
To: TAC CCT GGT ACA ACT ATC
Point Mutation
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
When is DNA replicated in the cell cycle
If the DNA sequence reads ACT TAA TTC CCG,
what is the mRNA sequence:
UGA AUU AAG GGC
Use the codon wheel to determine the correct amino acids based on the mRNA codons:
AUG GCA UCC UAG
Methionine, Alanine, Serine, STOP
What type of mutation is shown if the ‘original’ DNA sequence below was changed?
From: TTC GCT CTA ATT ACC ATC
To: TTC GCT CAA TTA CCA TC
Frameshift Mutation
Describe the 3 main difference between DNA and RNA
DNA - double-stranded, A, C, G, T and deoxyribose sugar
RNA - single-stranded, A, C, G, U and ribose sugar