DNA
The part of the cell where DNA is stored
What is the nucleus?
The number of strands that RNA has
What is one?
Translation of RNA to protein happens here in the cell
What is a Ribosome?
A mutation that does not change the sequence of amino acids and does not cause disease.
A) Substitution
B) Insertion
C) Silent
What is a silent mutation?
These are the building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
The 4 nitrogen bases of DNA
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine?
Instead of Thymine (T), RNA has_____________
What is Uracil (U)?
DNA is copied into a strand of RNA during this step of protein synthesis.
A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Peptidification
What is Transcription?
The type of mutation that occurs when one base is replaced by another.
A) Substitution
B) Insertion
C) Silent
What is a substitution?
The bonds that link amino acids together.
What are peptide bonds?
The part of the cell where DNA is transcribed into RNA
What is the nucleus?
The full names for one of the three different types of RNA (mRNA, rRNA or tRNA)
What are messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA?
True or False: DNA usually leaves the nucleus
What is false? Only mRNA leaves the nucleus
True or False: Mutations are always bad
What is false?
These special types of proteins speed up chemical reactions.
What are enzymes?
The single stranded nucleic acid that DNA is transcribed into
What is RNA
The names of the 4 nitrogen bases of RNA.
What are Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Uracil?
Groups of three bases on a mRNA molecule are called __________.
What is a codon?
The type of mutation that happens when a base is either deleted or inserted, causing a change in the reading of codons and amino acids.
A) Substitution
B) Frameshift
C) Silent
What is a frameshift?
A disease that results in a change in the shape of hemoglobin in red blood cells due to a point mutation.
What is sickle cell anemia?
The sequence of nucleotide bases that would complement the following bases on DNA:
A T T C G C A G T
What is
T A A G C G T C A
Two differences between RNA and DNA.
What is DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded? What is RNA has RIbose and DNA has Deoxyribose? What is RNA has the base Uracil and DNA has the base Thymine?
This is the RNA that would match with the DNA code
CAGT
What is GUCA?
The original strand of DNA is ACT TTG CGA The mutated strand of DNA is ACT TTC GA This is a _______________ mutation.
A) Substitution
B) Insertion
C) Deletion
What is a deletion?
The name for long chains of amino acids that form during protein synthesis.
What are polypeptides?