DNA
The sugar that is part of DNA
What is deoxyribose?
The sugar that is found in RNA
What is Ribose?
Translation of RNA to protein happens here
What is a Ribosome?
A mutation that does not change the sequence of amino acids and does not cause disease.
What is a silent mutation?
These are the building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
The 4 nitrogen bases of DNA
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine?
DNA is copied into a strand of RNA during this step of protein synthesis.
What is Transcription?
The type of mutation that occurs when one base is replaced by another.
What is a substitution?
The bonds that link amino acids together.
What are peptide bonds?
What happens to DNA during initiation of transcription?
What is the DNA forms an open complex?
The full names for the three different types of RNA
What are messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA?
Anticodons and amino acids are found on this molecule.
What is transfer RNA?
A mutation that occurs when non-homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information?
What is reciprocal translocation?
These special types of protein that helps to unzip DNA and match up complementary nucleotide bases during transcription.
What is RNA polymerase?
The three parts of the DNA nucleotide (building block)
What are deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogen base?
The names of the 4 nitrogen bases of RNA.
What are Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Uracil?
Groups of three bases on a mRNA molecule
What is a codon?
The type of mutation that happens when a base is either deleted or inserted, causing a change in the reading of codons and amino acids.
What is a frameshift?
A disease that results in a change in the shape of hemoglobin in red blood cells due to a point mutation.
What is sickle cell anemia?
The strand of DNA this is identical to the mRNA strand, but has Thymine in place of Uracil on the mRNA
What is the non-template strand?
Two differences between the STRUCTURE of RNA and DNA.
What is DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded? What is RNA has RIbose and DNA has Deoxyribose? What is RNA has the base Uracil and DNA has the base Thymine?
This is the anticodon for CAG
What is GUC?
The original strand of DNA is ACT TTG CGA The mutated strand of DNA is ACT TTC GA This is a _______________ mutation that causes a _________ of amino acids.
What is a deletion? What is a frameshift?
The name for long chains of amino acids that form during protein synthesis.
What are polypeptides?