DNA
The five-carbon sugar in DNA
What is deoxyribose?
The five-carbon sugar contained in RNA
What is Ribose?
The biological process of protein synthesis.
What is translation?
An error in the normal sequence of DNA occurring during DNA replication.
What is a mutation?
The jelly-like environment inside the cell.
The 4 nitrogen bases of DNA
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine?
The four nitrogen bases of RNA
What are Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Uracil?
The biological process of making mRNA from a gene.
What is Transcription?
A mutation that substitutes an incorrect nucleotide for a correct one.
What is substitution mutation?
A molecule that can absorb light energy.
What is pigment?
A smaller piece of DNA that contains genes.
What is a chromosome?
The structure of the RNA molecule.
What is single-stranded?
The ribonucleic acid that transfers amino acids to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
A mutation that does not affect the organsim.
What is a silent mutation?
The non-membrane bound organelle that makes proteins.
What are ribosomes?
The property of one DNA strand mirroring another so the strands can base pair and form a double-stranded DNA molecule.
What is complementary?
The full names of the two different types of RNA listed in your book.
What are messenger RNA and transfer RNA?
A group of three nucleotides that codes for the insertion of an amino acid into a protein.
What is a codon?
A mutation occurring when only one nucleotide in a gene changed.
What is a point mutation?
The process of a substance being broken down by chemical reactions
What is metabolism?
The three parts of the DNA nucleotide
What are deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base?
The three parts of the RNA nucleotide.
What are ribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base?
The nucleic acid that takes the gene's coded message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
The original strand of DNA is ACT TTG CGA The mutated strand of DNA is ACT TTC GA This is a _______________ mutation.
What is a deletion?
The series of biological reaction that makes ATP by breaking down glucose without using oxygen.