Transcription results in the production of what molecule?
mRNA
100
This mutation occurs when one chromosome breaks off and attached to another one.
Translocation
100
What type of bond holds the backbone of DNA together?
What is covalent
200
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
200
What enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
200
Translation results in the production of what molecule?
Protein
200
This type of mutation results when a new base is added to a DNA strand.
What is insertion
200
What makes up the rungs of DNA? What type of bond holds them together?
nitrogenous bases held together by hydrogen bonds
300
What type of sugar is found in DNA and RNA?
Deoxyribose, and ribose respectively
300
What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA as the first step of DNA replication?
DNA helicase
300
During translation, this part of tRNA matches up with 3 bases of mRNA and drops off an amino acid.
What is an anticodon
300
Insertion and deletion are examples of this type of mutation. This type of mutation is also arguable the worse type of point mutation.
What is frameshift
300
Where does transcription take place? Where does translation take place?
nucleus, and cytoplasm (respectively)
400
What type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome?
tRNA
400
What is the complementary DNA strand to the following?
AATGCGATC
TTACGCTAG
400
The result of transcribing the following sequence of DNA is what?
TAC CAG GTC
AUG GUC CAG
400
When a section of DNA is repeated more than once, it is called what?
Duplication
400
Who used x-ray crystallography to take photo 51? Who then stole this to confirm the structure of DNA was a double helix?
Rosalind Franklin; Watson and Crick
500
What are the 3 parts to any nucleotide?
5 carbon sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
500
Why is DNA replication said to be semi-conservative?
Each new cell gets 1 new strand and 1 old strand.
500
Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one codon?
There are 64 codons and only 20 amino acids
500
Point mutation involves a change in a single DNA base. What are 3 types of point mutations?
Insertion, deletion, substitution, frameshift
500
What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA: deoxyribose sugar, double stranded, in the nucleus, contains T, 1 kind
RNA: ribose sugar, single stranded, in the nucleus or cytoplasm, contains U, 3 kinds