DNA
What shape is DNA?
double helix
A ribosome will continue to create a protein until it encounters a......
What is a "Stop Codon."
The 4 nitrogen bases of an RNA molecule include....
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
The site where mRNA is created from the DNA sequence that will code for a specific trait.
nucleus
In what organelle is mRNA read and the protein synthesized?
the ribosome
Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA
Mutations
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen base makes up a...
nucleotide
Ribosomes read the mRNA strand _____ codon at a time. Each codon is made of ______ nitrogen bases.
What is "1 and 3"?
True or False
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids
True
The process in which DNA is used to make an mRNA strand.
Transcription
the type of RNA that transfers the appropriate amino acid
tRNA
A group of 3 three bases on mRNA that determine a specific amino acid is called a ________
What is a "codon?"
The 4 nitrogen bases of a DNA molecule include...
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
Every living organism has the same structures that make up its DNA. Which part of the DNA nucleotide would be different between humans and polar bears?
sequence of nitrogen bases
Name the three different types of RNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
A DNA Molecule has the bases, AGC-TAC-GCT. WHAT is the complementary DNA molecule that will form
TCG-ATG-CGA
In this type of mutation an extra nucleotide is inserted into the copied DNA strand
Insertion
A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein is known as a...
gene
The bond that connects nitrogen bases in DNA in the rungs of the ladder
hydrogen bonds
DNA: CAT-GTA-CCG. What is the complementary mRNA strand from the DNA sequence?
What is RNA: GUA-CAU-GGC
This type of mutation is most likely to have the least effect on the resulting protein and may code for the same amino acid.
Substitution
The process of Protein synthesis in which mRNA is read in the ribosome and produces proteins.
Translation
An RNA strand is AUG-CUA-CCG. What would be the resulting tRNA anticodons:
WHAT IS UAC-GAU-GGC?
The type of RNA that carries the message from the nucleus to the ribosome
mRNA
Adenine pairs with ___________
Guanine pairs with ____________
Thymine
Cytosine
DNA: CAT-GTA-CCG
mRNA: GUA-CAU-GGC
tRNA: CAU-GUA-CCG
What are the three amino acids?
Val - His - Gly
Where in a cell are you most likely to find RNA (but NO DNA)
Cytoplasm / Ribosome
What is the SPECIFIC amino acid OR codon that allows for translation to begin.
What is "Methionine or AUG"?
List 2 differences between a DNA & RNA molecule
DNA is double stranded; RNA is single
N. Bases for DNA: A, C, G, T; RNA: A, U, C, G
DNA has a deoxyribose sugar; RNA: ribose sugar
DNA has the genetic code; RNA uses DNA to carry the message.
DNA can't leave the nucleus; RNA has to leave the nucleus
The name of the strand that is created from the DNA template for protein synthesis.
What is the mRNA?