DNA
the structure of DNA
What is double helix
Long chains of amino acids fold up to make this important structure.
What is a "Protein?"
The type of RNA that makes up ribosomes.
What is rRNA?
A group of 3 three bases on mRNA that determine a specific amino acid is called a ________
What is a "codon?"
This is when there is a change to one single nucleotide.
What is a point mutation?
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base makes up a...
What is nucleotide?
The term biologists use to describe the concept of DNA --> RNA --> protein.
What is "Central Dogma"
That type of RNA that brings a message from the nucleus to the ribosomes.
What is mRNA?
The site where RNA is created from the DNA sequence that will code for a specific trait.
What is the "nucleus?"
This is when there is a change to a large section of DNA.
What is a chromosomal mutation?
The 4 nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule include...
What is Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
Structure that contains DNA and is present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
What are Chromosomes?
The 4 nitrogenous bases of an RNA molecule include....
What is Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
This is the amino acid that is coded for by the codon AUG.
What is the start codon, or methionine?
This type of point mutation leads to one change to the amino acid sequence.
What is a substitution or missense mutation?
The bond that connects nitrogenous bases in DNA in the rungs of the ladder
What are hydrogen bonds?
The nucleic acid that serves as a blueprint of life, and contains the instructions for making an organism
What is DNA?
The type of RNA that brings the correct amino acid to the ribosome...
What is tRNA?
The process in which DNA is used to make an mRNA strand.
What is Transcription?
This type of point mutation leads to a shift in the reading frame of codons.
What is an insertion or deletion?
Adenine pairs with ___________
Guanine pairs with ____________
What is Thymine?
What is Cytosine?
The enzyme that binds to the DNA strand and adds the complementary bases to form the mRNA strand.
What is RNA polymerase?
The strong bond that holds the amino acids together to form a protein.
What is a covalent bond or "Peptide Bond."
The secondary process of Protein synthesis in which protein are produced at the ribosome.
What is Translation?
This type of point mutation leads to a truncated protein.
What is a nonsense mutation?
The type of bond that holds nucleotides together in the sugar-phosphate backbone of a single strand of DNA.
What is a covalent bond?
The enzyme that separates the double-stranded DNA during replication.
What is helicase.
A DNA strand is ATG-CTA-CCG. What is the complementary mRNA strand?
WHAT IS UAC-GAU-GGC?
These codons cause the ribosome to fall of the mRNA and translation does not continue.
What is a stop codon?
This type of mutation does not change the protein.
What is a silent mutation?
What is Interphase?
Specific segments of chromosomes that code for proteins using the genetic code
What are "Genes?"
What is RNA?
The three bases on tRNA that are complementary to the mRNA during translation.
What is the anticodon?
This genetically modified organism was created by changing which gene? (Name one GMO and the gene that was modified)
Responses will vary!