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What is DNA?
You've got that super "BASE"
Chemical Structure
Discovering DNA's shape
Base-Pairing Rules
100
DNA stands for ___________________________
What is deoxyribonucleic acid
100
DNA has how many nitrogenous bases?
What is four
100
The type of bond that holds base pairs together is? (Hint: The weaker one)
What is a hydrogen bond
100
DNA has a specific shape called a _____________________, which can be described as a twisted ladder.
What is a double helix
100
Base-pairing rules state that A always pairs with ____.
What is T (Thymine)
200
DNA is which of following organic molecules? A) A lipid B) A carbohydrate C) A protein D) A nucleic acid
What is a nucleic acid
200
What is the name for the base represented by an (A)?
What is Adenine
200
A strand of DNA is supported by its "backbones". Which two molecules make up the backbone of DNA?
What are sugars and phosphates
200
True/False: DNA exists normally in your cells as a single-strand of nucleotides, having one backbone connected to nitrogenous bases.
What is False (DNA is double-stranded)
200
Base-pairing rules state that G always pairs with _____.
What is C (Cytosine)
300
A nucleic acid is made up of smaller units, or building blocks, called ____________________
What are nucleotides
300
What is the name for the base represented by a (G)?
What is Guanine
300
The type of bond that holds the two molecules together that make up the backbone is? (Hint: Stronger one)
What is a covalent bond
300

Thinking back to the twisted ladder analogy, what do the sides of the ladder represent? And what is it made up of?

What are the backbones of DNA (made up of sugars and phosphates)

300
If one side of a strand of DNA reads ATCGA, use the base-pair rules to come up with the sequence on the other, complementary strand of the same DNA. (Complementary means matching)
What is TAGCT Because... A=T T=A C=G G=C A=T
400
DNA nucleotides are made up of three components:
What are 1. A sugar 2. A phosphate 3. A nitrogen base (need all 3 to be correct)
400

What two nitrogenous bases pair together with TWO hydrogen bonds?

What is Adenine (A) and Thymine (T)

400
Pyrimidines are used to describe nitrogen bases that contain how many rings? (Hint: Think pie for pyrimidine)
What is one ring
400

Thinking back to the twisted ladder analogy, what do the steps (rungs) of the ladder represent?

What are Nitrogenous bases

400
One strand of DNA reads GGACTTC, what is the sequence on the other, complementary strand?
What is CCTGAAG
500
The sugar in DNA is made up of 5 carbons, what is the specific name for this 5-carbon sugar in DNA? (Hint: the D in DNA)
What is deoxyribose
500

What two nitrogenous bases pair together with three hydrogen bonds?

What is Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C)

500
Purines is the name used to describe nitrogen bases that have how many rings?
What is two
500
What were the names of the two scientists who first modeled the structure of a DNA molecule as a twisted, double-helix shape.
Who are Watson & Crick
500
Before anybody knew what the structure of DNA was, or even that bases paired up with each other, we only knew that there were sugars, phosphates, and the nitrogen bases A,G,C, and T in a DNA molecule. The name of the scientist who discovered that the % A equals the % T, and the % G equals the % C was? (Fact used to support the base-pair rules)
Who is Chargaff