DNA Technology

DNA tech 1

100

This is where DNA is made.

nucleus

200

Scientists need this to clone organisms.

DNA/Genes

300

Creating an organism with the exact DNA as another.

cloning

400

Name the types of DNA technology

DNA sequencing

DNA cloning

Gene editing

500

what was the first eukaryote to get its sequence measured?

yeast

DNA tech 2

100

This can be used to compare DNA samples.

Gel Electrophoresis

200

what is added in the sanger method to terminate the process?

ddNTPs

300

This cuts DNA sequences at certain sites within a DNA molecule

Restriction Enzymes

400

Gene sequencing often requires?

Original DNA

Restriction enzymes

DNA replication equipment's

Primer

Detect nucleotides

500

What are the three steps of PCR? Explain each step in detail 

Three Steps of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction):

1. Denaturation: The DNA sample is heated to high temperatures (around 95°C) to separate the double-stranded DNA into single strands.
2. Annealing: Short DNA sequences called primers bind to complementary sequences on the single-stranded DNA, providing a starting point for DNA synthesis.
3. Extension: A DNA polymerase enzyme uses the primers and the original DNA strands as templates to synthesize new complementary DNA strands, making copies of the target DNA sequence.

Chapter 21

100

Define Genome

All the genetic material in an organism

200

What is Genomics?

Field of biology that studies whole sets of genes and their interactions.

300

What is Metagenomics?

Study of all species in an environment based on DNA found in sample

400

What is Proteomics?

Study full protein sets encoded by a genome

(When & where produced)

(Deducing protein function based on similarity in sequences)

500

How many base pairs do humans have? 

ψ(｀∇´)ψ

3000 Mb

Mitosis and Meiosis

100

What phase of the cell cycle is DNA replication

S Phase

200

This is the phase of mitosis where the sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Anaphase

300

What is the purpose of recombination?

Genetic diversity and unique daughter cells

400

This is the phase of meiosis where the cell divides into two daughter cells, each with half the original number of chromosomes.

Telophase 2

500

This is the name of the specialized regions on the chromosomes where crossing over is most likely to occur.

chiasmata

Revision

100

What do you call the region of an enzyme where substrates bind?

The Active Site

200

This is the process by which a cell uses the information in its DNA to produce proteins.

Transcription and Translation.

300

 This is the term used to describe the physical and behavioral traits expressed by an organism.

Phenotype

400

This is the three-dimensional structure that gives a protein its unique function.

tertiary structure

500

This is the type of metabolism where organisms break down complex molecules to release energy.

Catabolism