Miscellaneous I
The region that determines when the copying of the mRNA transcript ends.
What is the terminator region?
The process of copying a specific segment called a gene into mRNA.
What is genetic redundancy?
When an organism has multiple genes performing the same biochemical function.
The type of RNA that carries an amino acid to the ribosome.
What is tRNA (transfer RNA)?
What is the function of the promotor and terminator regions in transcription?
The promotor initiates the transcription of a gene and the terminator signals the end of transcription.
What are introns?
A segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that interrupts the sequence of genes.
Essential amino acids cannot be produced by the body from only a diet
Non essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body from other substances
The RNA molecule produced after the transcription of a gene.
The sequence of three RNA nucleotides/bases carried at the bottom of tRNA.
What is an anticodon?
Why is RNA processing needed to make a mature mRNA transcript?
The combination of the mature mRNA transcript, the small ribosomal subunit, the initiator tRNA and the large ribosomal subunit.
What is the translation complex?
The region that serves as a recognition site for RNA polymerase.
What is the promoter region?
Type of RNA that encodes information for the synthesis of proteins and carries it to a ribosome from the nucleus.
What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?
How are amino acids placed in a specific order in a polypeptide?
By the DNA sequence of the gene that encodes the protein.
What is the role of the release factor in translation?
Proteins that terminate translation by binding to stop codons
In transcription, it makes sure an RNA molecule complements the DNA template
In translation, it ensures the tRNA anticodon matches with the mRNA codon
RNA processing.
What is the addition of a 5' cap and a 3' poly-A tail and splicing?
Removal of introns.
What is intron splicing?
What is translation?
Proteins in cells are produced using RNA molecules as a template.
What are the two functions of RNA polymerase?
Initiates transcription by binding to the promotor region
Elongates the RNA transcript