DNA Structure
What shape does DNA take?
Double helix
What is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA?
Helicase
Transcriptions creates what kind of RNA from DNA?
mRNA
Translation uses RNA to create what molecule?
Proteins
What are proteins made of?
Amino Acids
What are the four Nitrogenous bases are present in DNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
What is the enzyme that adds new Nucleotides to an existing DNA strand?
DNA Polymerase
What part of the cell does this take place in?
Nucleus
What part of the Cell does Transcription take place in?
The Cytoplasm
What kind of Mutation removes a base from the DNA?
Deletion mutation
What three things come together to form a single Nucelotide.
A Sugar, a phosphate, and a Nitrogenous Base
What part of the Cell does this take place in?
The Nucleus
What are the names of the four Bases in RNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
What does the Ribosome do?
It builds the protein by reading the mRNA
What kind of Mutation adds a base to the DNA?
Insertion Mutation
What is the Sugar in DNA?
The Sugar is named Deoxyribose
Create the Complementary DNA Strand to this one:
ACG - TAG - GAT
TGC - ATC - CTA
How is RNA different from DNA? List 3 ways
1. Single Helix
2. Uracil instead of Thymine
3. Ribose instead of Deoxyribose
What doe tRNA do during Translation?
It delivers the Amino acids to the Ribosome
How do Frameshift mutations affect the Protein?
They change the entire protein after the spot where the mutation happened
What bond hold the bases together in the center of the ladder?
A hydrogen bond?
Semi-conservative means to "keep part of something". Why do we call DNA replication semi-conservative?
Because each of the new strands have part of the original in them
Create the RNA from this DNA:
ACT - GAT - CGA
UGA - CUA - GCU
Match the mRNA Codon with its tRNA Anti-codon:
AUG - CAU - GAC
UAC - GUA - CUG
What Mutation happened here?
Original Strand: ATG - TTA - CGC
Mutant Strand: ATG - TAT - ACG - C
Insertion Mutation