DNA Structure
Protein Synthesis
DNA Replication
Mutations
Wild Card
100

What is a nucleotide

100

The function of mRNA

To carry instructions from the chromosomes to the ribosomes

100

What is the direction of DNA synthesis

5' to 3' direction

100

The difference between a chromosomal mutation and a gene mutation

Chromosome mutations change and impact the entire chromosome

Gene mutations are on a single point of the chromosome

100


Normal female

200

The DNA molecule has been described as a double helix or a "twisted ladder". The rungs (middle) of the ladder are made of...

nitrogen bases

200

anti codon

200

What does it mean to be semi-conservative?

Some of the DNA is kept in the new strand, so each parent strand of a DNA molecule acts as a template for the formation of a new complementary strand

200

Explain the difference between an exon and an intron

exons are the coding areas - introns are the non coding areas of the gene

200

What animal did Ms. O study in Costa Rica?

Sloth

300

What is a codon?

a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule

300

Protein molecules consist of

long chains of amino acids

300

List two differences between the leading strand and the lagging strand

1. A leading strand is synthesized in 5'-3'direction, lagging strand is synthesized in the 3'-5' direction

2. The leading strand is synthesized continuously while a lagging strand is synthesized in fragments which are called Okazaki fragments.

300

The following diagram illustrates....

Inversion

300

Describe Turner's Syndrome

- caused by monosomy X

- ‘short stature, swelling, broad chest, low hairline, low-set ears, and webbed necks

- non-working ovaries, which results in an absence of menstrual cycle and sterility

- visuospatial, mathematical, and memory defects

400

Describe the steps of translation

  • Initiation
  • Elongation 
  • Termination 
400

The anticodon for the amino acid arginine

UCC

400

The purpose of Topoisomerase

Keeps DNA unwound/flat like a ladder

400


Jacob Syndrome

400

What type of mutation occurred here? 

Un-mutated line of DNA: TAC CAG GGC TAG ACT

Mutated line of DNA:       TAC CAG GAC TAG ACT

Point Mutation - missense

500

What is the DNA backbone made of?

alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups

500

If DNA has the coding: AATCGT

The mRNA will have the corresponding: 

UUAGCA

500

Draw a basic replication fork

Include the following labels: parent strand (x2), leading strand, lagging strand, Okazaki Fragments, 5’ and 3’ directional


500

What error is depicted below? Describe it 

Nondisjunction - When chromosomes that normally separate during meiosis remain together - results in the addition or loss of a whole chromosome





500

Disease when: the 20th nucleotide of the gene for the beta chain of hemoglobin found on chromosome 11 is changed from the codon GAG (for glutamic acid) to GUG (which codes valine), so the 6th amino acid is incorrectly substituted



Sickle Cell Disease