The process of producing two identical replicas from one original DNA molecule
What is replication?
100
•Thymine and Adenine have 2 hydrogen bonds between them
•Cytosine and Guanine have 3 hydrogen bonds between them.
Number of hydrogen bonds:
-Thymine and Adenine
-Cytosine and Guanine
100
Ribonucleic acid
temporary copy of DNA that is used and then destroyed
What does RNA stands for and what is it use for?
100
-Meat tenderizer: break down histones (proteins) to release DNA
-Detergent: Break down cell membrane
Why these materials were used in the lab?
-Meat tenderizer
-Detergent
100
They are made of long chains of amino acids that fold into complex three-dimensional shapes.
What makes up a protein?
200
Holds DNA double helix together.
What is Back bone ?
200
o A phosphate group
o Deoxyribose
o Base containing nitrogen
What is a DNA made of?
200
Copying DNA to making RNA
What is transcription?
200
2 identical double stranded DNA molecules
Result of DNA replication
200
a molecular machine that carries out vital tasks in the cell, such as providing structural support, processing nutrients, copying a cell’s DNA, and regulating other cellular functions.
What is a protein?
300
Is an organic molecule that makes up DNA
What is nucleotide?
300
to create new proteins
What is the purpose of central dogma?
300
Initiation
Elongation
Termination
Which are the 3 stages in transcription?
300
Synthesis
where is the stage in the cell cycle where DNA is copied
300
Francis Crick
Whats the name of the of the scientist that defined the central dogma?
400
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What does DNA stands for?
400
o Thymine (T)
o Adenine (A)
o Cytosine (C)
o Guanine (G)
What are the four bases?
400
Process that translates RNA messages into polypeptides that make up proteins.
What is Translation?
400
-sugar deoxyribose -Sugar ribose
-A C G T (bases) - A C G U (bases)
-Double stranded -Single stranded
Differences between DNA and RNA (3)
400
Second
50 nucleotides are added to a strand of DNA every ____
500
DNA polymerases detect errors, remove the wrong nucleotide and replace it with correct ones.
What happens when a wrong nucleotide is added to a new strands
500
nucleotide
codon
amino acid
polypeptide
protein
Put in order from smallest to larger:
nucleotide, codon, polypeptide, protein, amino acid.
500
Enzymes that bonds nucleotides together in a chain to make RNA
What is the function of DNA polymerases?
500
MET
If you are given the code AUG you get the amino acid_____