STRUCTURE
shape?
double helix
why does it happen?
DNA must be accurately copied when any one of your trillions of cells divides
DNA HELICASE
enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
what is it?
a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides.
Mitosis -DNA condenses to form chromosomes. Chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibers.
Cytokenisis - Cytoplasm is split Varies in plant and animal cells
Unnabreviated?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
begins?
at the origin of replication and forms a replication bubble
DNA polymerase
joins nucleotides to create the new strands of DNA.
Interphase
G1, S, G2
chromosome
condensed strand of DNA.
true
replication forks
move in opposite directions
True or false dna is built in a 5' - 3' direction
true
G1
growing, making more organelles, and doing its job.
Gene
section of DNA
what is the backbone made up of?
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
replication forks are formed with
replication bubbles
Semiconservative Replication
during DNA replication, the two strands of nucleotides separate. Both strands then form the template for free nucleotides to bind to to create the two identical daughter strands
S - Synthesis phase
Cell copies DNA in preparation for cell division
Genome
46 chromosomes
30,000 genes
Over 3 billion nucleotides
What are the 4 Nitrogenous bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
how many pairs of dna are in ur genome
3 billion
conservative replication
two DNA copies are produced from one original DNA, which serves as a template.
G2
Cell grows more and makes more organelles, Cell prepares for cell division
Chromatin vs. Chromosomes
DNA is usually in loose chromatin form but condenses into chromosomes at the beginning of mitosis.