DNA Structure
4
The process of DNA producing two new identical copies of itself is called ____
Replication
RNA has the same nitrogen bases as DNA, except that T (thymine) is replaced with ____
U (uracil)
What is the name of the first part of protein synthesis?
Transcription
Which of the following does not have DNA:
A. Plant
B. Bacteria
C. Water
D. Insect
C
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Which enzyme unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix into two strands?
Helicase
RNA provides the code for making___
proteins
What is the 2nd part of protein synthesis called?
Translation
An error in the DNA code is called a _____
mutation
Adenine matches with which base?
Thymine
Which enzyme binds to the separated chains of DNA and assembles new chains by adding complementary nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
Name one type of RNA.
options:
mRNA (messenger RNA)
tRNA (transfer RNA)
rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
In the first stage of protein synthesis, in the nucleus, DNA is decoded onto____
Which code (DNA or RNA) is the fundamental code of inheritance (passing on traits)?
DNA
Guanine matches with which base?
Cytosine
What fraction of the original DNA strand is in the daughter (copy) DNA strand?
1/2
How many DNA bases are transcribed into 1 mRNA codon?
3
In the second part of protein synthesis, tRNA anticodons bond with_____
mRNA codons
Give the complementary DNA sequence for:
AGGTCA
TCCAGT
Name the three components of a nucleotide.
Phosphate group, sugar (deoxyribose), and nitrogenous base
Where does DNA replication occur in a cell?
The nucleus
In order to make new proteins, mRNA must leave the nucleus through a nuclear pore and go to a _____
ribosome
The building blocks of proteins, created during protein synthesis, are called ______
amino acids
Give the complementary mRNA sequence for:
AGCTAA
UCGAUU