Radiation & Heat Transfer
This type of heat transfer occurs through direct physical contact between objects.
What is conduction?
This term describes the distance between two adjacent wave peaks or troughs.
What is wavelength?
The unstable nucleus that undergoes radioactive decay is called this.
What is the parent nucleus?
This SI unit represents one radioactive disintegration per second.
What is the becquerel?
This SI unit measures absorbed radiation energy in joules per kilogram.
What is the gray?
This principle requires radiation exposure to be kept “as low as reasonably achievable.”
What is ALARA?
This type of heat transfer occurs through the movement of matter from one location to another.
What is convection?
This quantity measures the number of wave cycles occurring each second.
What is frequency?
The nucleus produced following radioactive decay is called this.
What is the daughter nucleus?
This older unit of radioactive activity equals 3.7×10103.7×1010 becquerels.
What is the curie?
This older unit measures absorbed radiation dose and equals 0.01 gray.
What is the rad?
These are the three primary methods used to reduce occupational radiation exposure.
What are time, distance, and shielding?
This type of heat transfer uses electromagnetic waves and does not require a physical medium.
What is radiation?
The SI unit used to measure frequency is this.
What is the hertz?
This particle contains two protons and two neutrons and is emitted during alpha decay.
What is an alpha particle?
This term describes the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.
What is half-life?
This SI unit measures dose equivalent after accounting for the type of radiation.
What is the sievert?
This type of imaging uses external x-ray sources and detectors to create cross-sectional “slices” through the body.
What is computed tomography (CT)?
Electromagnetic waves are produced when these particles undergo acceleration.
What are charged particles?
This is the time required for one complete wave cycle.
What is the period?
During beta-minus decay, a neutron is converted into a proton while emitting this negatively charged particle.
What is an electron or beta-minus particle?
After three half-lives, this fraction of the original radioactive material remains.
What is one-eighth?
This older unit of dose equivalent is commonly used in humans and equals 0.01 sievert.
What is the rem?
This imaging technique detects two gamma rays produced when a positron annihilates with an electron.
What is PET?
In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field, magnetic field, and direction of propagation have this geometric relationship.
What is mutually perpendicular?
This constant represents the speed of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum and is approximately 3.00×10^8 m/s.
What is the speed of light?
This type of radioactive decay lowers the energy of an excited nucleus without changing its mass number or atomic number.
What is gamma-ray emission?
After three half-lives, this percentage of the original radioactive material remains.
What is 12.5%?
These rapidly dividing cells are especially sensitive to the harmful effects of ionizing radiation.
What are bone marrow cells?
This internal radioactive source, with a half-life of about 8 days, is commonly used to treat thyroid disease.
What is iodine-131?