Diabetes
Which diabetic medication has a major risk for lactic acidosis?
Metformin
WR has been using digoxin 0.125 mg daily for several years. During this time his renal function has declined from an estimated 55 mL/min to 24 mL/min. WR is unable to stand and has vomited and his heart rate is found to be 45 BPM with an abnormal heart rhythm. The cardiologist is paged, but in the meantime the attending physician asks if there are any products that can lower the digoxin level quickly. What is the antidote for digoxin?
A) Dextrose
B) Fabior
C) DigiFab
D) Digox
E) Ferriprox
C) DigiFab
A patient is being discharged home from the hospital. The patient was getting fluconazole 400 mg IV daily for the treatment of his fungal infection. The physician would like to continue with oral fluconazole therapy. What is the equivalent oral dose?
A) 800 mg
B) 600 mg
C) 400 mg
D) 200 mg
E) 100 mg
C) 400 mg
What medication is FDA approved to treat depression, diabetic neuropathy, and musculoskeletal pain?
duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Which drug can be given with tamoxifen to reduce hot flashes?
Venlafaxine
The pharmacist is dispensing a new prescription for pioglitazone. Choose the correct statement:
A) This medication works quickly to decrease blood glucose.
B) This medication is taken twice daily, with meals.
C) Monitor for severe abdominal pain due to the risk of pancreatitis.
D) This medication is contraindicated with high triglycerides.
E) This medication has been shown to increase the risk of bladder cancer.
E) This medication has been shown to increase the risk of bladder cancer.
Which of the following beta-adrenergic blocking agents has been shown to reduce mortality in patients with systolic heart failure?
A) Carvedilol
B) Metoprolol tartrate
C) Atenolol
D) Propranolol
E) Labetalol
A) Carvedilol
Which 3 Quinolones are referred to as respiratory quinolone and what are they used for?
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
Gemifloxacin (Factive)
Used for pneumonia (reliable S. pneumoniae activity)
What medication may be a good choice for a patient with insomnia and low body weight (i.e., weight gain desirable)?
Mirtazapine (side effects may be beneficial, such as sedation and weight gain)
Which SERM is the only one that may be used in both pre and post menopausal women?
Tamoxifen
KS is picking up a new prescription for glipizide. What are possible side effects from this medication? (Select ALL that apply.)
A) Pancreatitis
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Bladder cancer
D) Thyroid cancer
E) Weight gain
B) Hypoglycemia
E) Weight gain
A patient with systolic heart failure has been given a prescription for BiDil. Which of the following side effects is most common with BiDil therapy?
A) Rash
B) Headache
C) Hair growth
D) Sore, painful joints
E) Increased appetite
B) Headache
__________ is the only cephalosporin that is NOT renally eliminated.
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Which of the following are side effects/possible adverse reactions of bupropion? (Select ALL that apply.)
A) Decreased bone density
B) Dry mouth
C) Sedation
D) Insomnia
E) Tremors/risk of seizures
B) dry mouth
D) insomnia
E) tremors/risk of seizures
What drug is used as prophylaxis to prevent nephrotoxicity in cisplatin?
amifostine (Ethyol)
Which type of insulin is used in an IV solution?
A) Rapid-acting
B) Short-acting
C) Intermediate-acting
D) Long-acting
E) Ultra long-acting
B) Short-acting
EK has systolic heart failure and is taking quinapril, carvedilol, torsemide, spironolactone and BiDil. She presents to the clinic with a mild fever and sore finger and arm joints and muscle aches. She reports she is more tired than usual and feels miserable. The patient is likely experiencing this drug adverse effect:
A) Angioedema from quinapril
B) Lupus-like syndrome from hydralazine
C) Hypokalemia from torsemide
D) Hyperkalemia from spironolactone
E) Fatigue and dizziness from carvedilol
B) Lupus-like syndrome from hydralazine
XW is a 79 year-old male who presented to his primary care physician with a 4 day history of cough with greenish phlegm, fatigue, shortness of breath, and decreased appetite. A chest X-ray shows a new infiltrate in the left lower lobe. He is diagnosed with community acquired pneumonia and admitted to the hospital (non-ICU). He has a penicillin allergy (nausea). Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment?
A) Ceftriaxone + azithromycin
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Ampicillin/sulbactam
D) Ertapenem
E) Doxycycline
A) Ceftriaxone + azithromycin
FL is a 45 year-old male who recently lost his job. This has caused significant anxiety and depression. At first, he tried to just "be happy" but he is very low and has felt low for so long that he is having difficulty applying for work. He has asked for an antidepressant. His height is 5'10", and weight is 199 pounds, blood pressure 155/92 mmHg, pulse 86 BPM. Current medications are Adderall XR and a multivitamin. Choose the safest option for FL:
A) Duloxetine
B) Escitalopram
C) Venlafaxine
D) Parnate
E) Nardil
B) escitalopram
What 3-drug regimen is needed to premedicate for paclitaxel injection?
dexamethasone + diphenhydramine + H2RA
Which diabetic medication class should not be used in a patient with a G6PD deficiency?
Sulfonylureas
2. Which of the following chemotherapeutic agents have lifetime maximum doses due to risk of cardiotoxicity?
A) Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin and daunorubicin
B) Vinca alkaloids, such as vincristine and vinblastine
C) Antimetabolites, such as fluorouracil
D) Taxanes, such as paclitaxel
E) Topoisomerase inhibitors, such as irinotecan
A) Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin and daunorubicin
All of the carbapenems, except _________, cover Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Ertapenem (Invanz)
A pharmacist receives a prescription for Viibryd. Select the appropriate generic name for this antidepressant medication:
A) Vilazodone
B) Vortioxetine
C) Bupropion
D) Desvenlafaxine
E) Levomilnacipran
A) Vilazodone
What important side effect do bleomycin and busulfan have in common?
Pulmonary fibrosis