About the student
What is the student's age?
A) 18 years old
B) 19 years old
C) 20 years old
D) 21 years old
A) 18 years old
How many chromosomes does a person with Trisomy 21 usually have?
A) 45
B) 46
C) 47
D) 48
C) 47
What is mosaic down syndrome?
A) Having no chromosome 21
B) Having an extra chromosome 18
C) Having some cells with extra chromosome 21 and while other cells have the usual number of chromosomes
D) Having an extra chromosome in every cell
C) Having some cells with extra chromosome 21 and while other cells have the usual number of chromosomes
What is translocation down syndrome?
A) When chromosome 21 is missing
B) When extra chromosome 21 material attaches to another chromosome
C) When every chromosome is duplicated
D) When chromosome 21 disappers
B) When extra chromosome 21 material attaches to another chromosome
Is there a cure or specific medication that treats down syndrome itself?
A) Yes, there is one medication that cures it
B) Yes, antibiotics can cure it
C) No, treatment focuses on managing health conditions and supporting developement
D) Only surgery can cure it
C) No, treatment focuses on managing health conditions and supporting developement
What type of disability does the student have?
A) Speech and language difficulties
B) Hearing or vision problems
C) Intellectual disability
D) Motor Delays
C) Intellectual disability
Where can the extra chromosome 21 come from?
A. Only from the mother
B. Only from the father
C. From either the egg or the sperm
D. Only from the placenta
C. From either the egg or the sperm
How many chromosome do some cells of a person with mosaic down syndrome have?
A. 44
B. 45
C. 46
D. 48
C. 46
True or False
Translocation can be inherited. A parent may carry a balanced translocation without having down syndrome.
True
What is one goal of occupational therapy for a person with Down syndrome?
A. To cure Down syndrome
B. To adjust everyday tasks to match the person's abilities and needs
C. To control seizures
D. To replace thyroid hormones
B. To adjust everyday tasks to match the person's abilities and needs
What are the medical condition does the student have?
A) Heart murmur and Seizures
B) ADHD and Heart murmur
C) Seizures and Hypothyroidism
D) Hypothyroidism and Sleep Apnea
C) Seizures and Hypothyroidism
What is nondisjunction?
A) Chromosomes dividing normally
B) Chromosomes failing to separate properly during cell division
C) A chromosome becoming completely absent
D) A Chromosome changing into a different chromosome
B) Chromosomes failing to separate properly during cell division
When does mosaic down syndrome usually occur?
A) Before fertilization
B) During early cell division after fertilization
C) During adulthood
D) During puberty
B) During early cell division after fertilization
Which chromosome can the extra chromosome 21 material attach to in translocation down syndrome?
A) Chromosome 14
B) Chromosome 1 only
C) Chromosome 22 only
D) The X chromosome only
A) Chromosome 14
The student initially has difficulty participating in the whole-class walking activity. Staff begin by asking him to participate for a short amount of time and gradually increase his participation while providing praise. What behavioral technique is being used?
A. Modeling
B. Shaping
C. Punishment
D. Extinction
B. Shaping
In the previous group presentation, we mentioned the student's favorite color. What was it?
A) Blue
B) Red
C) Pink
D) Purple
C) Pink
A) The baby could have three copies of chromosome 21
B) The baby would have no chromosome 21
C) The baby would have only 45 chromosomes
D) The baby would automatically have mosaic down syndrome
A) The baby could have three copies of chromosome 21
Which statement about mosaic Down Syndrome is TRUE?
A) Everyone with mosaic Down Syndrome has exactly the same symptoms
B) Mosaic down syndrome means the person has no extra chromosome 21 material
C) The proportion of cells with trisomy 21 can vary between individuals
D) Mosaic Down Syndrome always results in 47 chromosomes in every cell.
C) The proportion of cells with trisomy 21 can vary between individuals
A parent has a balanced translocation but does not have Down Syndrome. Why?
A. The parent has no chromosome 21
B. The parent has 47 chromosomes
C. The rearranged chromosome material is balanced, so there is no significant extra or missing genetic material
D. The parent has mosaic down syndrome
C. The rearranged chromosome material is balanced, so there is no significant extra or missing genetic material
A student with Down syndrome attends a specialized Down syndrome clinic. During one visit, the healthcare team monitors growth, performs preventive assessments, and coordinates evaluations from different specialties. What is the main benefit of this type of clinic?
A. It focuses on only one medical condition
B. It provides coordinated, comprehensive care
C. It replaces all therapies
D. It eliminates the need for follow-up care
B. It provides coordinated, comprehensive care
By watching us perform the roleplay, what was the student main challenges the student had?
A) Not paying attention.
B) Yelling and throwing a tantrum when it's loud
C) Does not like to do group walking activities.
D) Seeking attention.
C) Does not like to do group walking activities.
Which statement correctly compares trisomy 21 with mosaic down syndrome?
A) Trisomy 21 has an extra chromosome 21 in essentially all cells, while mosaic down syndrome has a mixture of cell types
B) Trisomy 21 has 46 chromosomes in every cell
C) Mosaic Down syndrome always has 45 chromosomes
D) There is no difference between the two
A) Trisomy 21 has an extra chromosome 21 in essentially all cells, while mosaic down syndrome has a mixture of cell types
A student with mosaic Down Syndrome has 46 chromosomes in some cells and 47 chromosomes in other cells. The student's 47 chromosomes cells contain an extra chromosome 21. What is the best explanation?
A) The extra chromosome 21 is present in every cell
B) A cell-division error occurred during early development, creating different cell lines
C) The student has an extra chromosome 18 instead of chromosome 21
D) The student has no chromosomal difference
B) A cell-division error occurred during early development, creating different cell lines
Rationale: Mosaic Down Syndrome results in different cell lines, with some cells having the typical 46 chromosomes and others having 47 chromosomes due to an extra chromosome 21.
Why can a person with translocation down syndrome have 46 chromosomes instead of 47?
A) They are missing chromosome 21
B) Extra chromosome 21 material is attached to another chromosome, so the total chromosome count can remain 46
C) Their chromosome disappear during development
D) They have only 45 chromosomes in some cells.
B) Extra chromosome 21 material is attached to another chromosome, so the total chromosome count can remain 46
11. A student with Down syndrome takes both levothyroxine and levetiracetam (Keppra). Which statement correctly explains why the student takes these medications?
A. Levothyroxine treats seizures, while levetiracetam treats hypothyroidism.
B. Both medications treat Down syndrome itself.
C. Levothyroxine replaces thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism, while levetiracetam helps control seizures.
D. Both medications are used to replace thyroid hormone.
C. Levothyroxine replaces thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism, while levetiracetam helps control seizures.